Percutaneous Absorption
Percutaneous Absorption - Related Videos
08:20
Percutaneous Cricothyrotomy
0 Views •
2023
Source: James W Bonz, MD, Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA A surgical airway procedure is indicated when other forms of endotracheal intubation have failed and ventilation is worsening or not possible. This is the feared "can't intubate, can't ventilate" scenario, and in the emergency setting, cricothyrotomy is the surgical procedure of choice. Cricothyrotomy is preferred over tracheotomy because of the lower risk of complications, the predictable anatomy...
07:53
Assessment of Neuromuscular Function Using Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
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Cited by 30 •
2015
We present a protocol to assess changes in neuromuscular function. Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is a non-invasive method that evokes muscular responses. Electrophysiological and mechanical properties of these responses permit the evaluation of neuromuscular function from brain to muscle (supra-spinal, spinal and peripheral levels).
01:19
Drug Absorption: Factors Affecting GI Absorption
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2023
The process of oral drug absorption can be influenced by several factors. Weakly acidic drugs tend to be absorbed more readily from the stomach due to their nonionized state. However, absorption may be less efficient in the upper intestine, where drugs are often ionized. Interestingly, despite the stomach's apparent advantage for drug absorption, its mucous layer can hinder diffusion. Its surface area is also smaller than the intestine's, which can further slow down the absorption rate. In...
09:31
In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses
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Cited by 10 •
2015
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a high resolution imaging technique that allows analysis of tissue specific optical properties providing the means for tissue differentiation. We developed needle based OCT, providing real-time imaging combined with on-the-spot tumor differentiation. This publication describes a method for percutaneous, needle based OCT of renal masses.
01:25
Carbohydrate Absorption
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2025
Carbohydrates are essential macronutrients that serve as the body's primary energy source. Their digestion begins in the mouth, where salivary amylase partially breaks down complex carbohydrates such as starch into smaller oligosaccharides. This mechanical and enzymatic activity prepares carbohydrates for further processing in the gastrointestinal tract. After being swallowed, the partially digested carbohydrates mix with gastric secretions in the stomach. However, the acidic environment...
FAQs
The stratum corneum acts as the skin’s primary barrier because molecules must pass through it before reaching deeper tissue. Its lipid-rich structure supports passive diffusion, but also limits movement into and through the skin. Consequently, the amount absorbed depends strongly on how readily a substance can cross this outer layer.
Most movement occurs through lipid-rich pathways in the stratum corneum, where molecules diffuse passively across the barrier. Hair follicles and sweat glands can also provide routes, but they contribute to absorption to a lesser extent. This distinction helps explain why skin structure and the available pathways influence the amount entering deeper tissue.
Absorption varies with the molecule’s properties, the formulation carrying it, the duration of skin contact, and the condition of the skin. These variables can alter how readily a substance crosses the stratum corneum and reaches deeper layers. Considering them together is important when evaluating expected exposure or designing a medicine applied to skin.
Understanding the process helps guide the design of therapies applied to the skin by showing how formulation and molecular properties may affect movement across the barrier. It also helps distinguish treatment intended to act at the skin from approaches designed to produce systemic drug exposure. This information supports more informed therapy development and dosing assessment.
It becomes important whenever a medicine applied to the skin may enter the body beyond the application site. Absorption can vary with contact time, formulation, molecular properties, and skin condition, so these factors help inform estimates of systemic exposure. Such estimates are relevant when evaluating whether a dosing approach is appropriate and safe.
Assessment of skin penetration helps determine how much of an applied chemical or medicine may remain local or reach deeper tissues and the body. That information contributes to evaluating irritation and toxicity, while also informing dosing safety. In medicine, the same analysis supports exposure assessment for both therapeutic products and potentially harmful substances applied to skin.