Glucocorticoid Production

Glucocorticoid production is the biological process by which the adrenal cortex synthesizes steroid hormones, primarily cortisol, that help regulate metabolism, immune activity, and the body’s response to stress. It is controlled largely by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: hypothalamic signals stimulate pituitary release of adrenocorticotropic hormone, which activates cholesterol-based cortisol synthesis in the adrenal cortex, followed by negative feedback. In psychology, this process provides a physiological basis for studying stress, emotion, cognition, and stress-related disorders. Measuring glucocorticoid levels can help researchers assess acute and chronic stress and examine how psychological experiences influence endocrine and behavioral outcomes.

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Research

JoVE Journal - Biology

Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids

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Cited by 6 •

2016

Adrenal activity can be assessed in the equine species by analysis of feces for corticosterone metabolites. The method offers a non-invasive option to assess long term patterns in both domestic and free ranging horses. This protocol describes the enzyme linked immunoassay involved and the associated biochemical validation.

Education

JoVE Core - Pharmacology

Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

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2024

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation. ICS work through a multifaceted mechanism of action. They suppress the inflammatory response caused by the proliferation of TH cells. They also reduce the transcription of the IL-2 gene, which is involved in the...

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

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2024

Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),...

Research

JoVE Journal - Biology
Free Sample

A Chemical Screening Procedure for Glucocorticoid Signaling with a Zebrafish Larva Luciferase Reporter System

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Cited by 11 •

2013

We describe the procedure and data analysis of a chemical screening system for glucocorticoid stress hormone signaling using zebrafish larvae: the Glucocorticoid Responsive In vivo Zebrafish Luciferase activitY (GRIZLY) assay. The assay sensitively and specifically detects effects on glucocorticoid signaling by compounds that require metabolization or affect endogenous glucocorticoid production.

Lentivirus Production

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Cited by 43 •

2009

To make lentiviruses, DNA vectors are transfected into human 293 cells. After harvest and concentrating the supernatant, virus titer is determined by fluorescence expression with a flow cytometer.

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