Boxplot

The boxplot, or box-and-whisker diagram, is a visual representation of a 5-number summary. The boxplot shows the minimum value, first quartile, second quartile, third quartile, and maximum value. It also provides information about the spread of the data as well as the outliers.

Consider the top ten goal scorers from the World Cup matches.

To construct the boxplot, first, sort the number of goals from low to high, and find the 5-number summary.

Create the boxplot by drawing a rectangle box extending from quartile one to quartile three, followed by a line through the box at the second quartile, and a line connecting the minimum and maximum values.

Boxplots of normal distributions typically show the median at the center of each box, while in a skewed distribution, the median moves either forward or backward.

Boxplots are often helpful in comparing two or more different data sets. For instance, comparing the number of goals scored by the champion team in the two world cup match series would reveal how the team's performance changed over time.