Peritoneum

The peritoneum is the body's largest serous membrane enveloping the abdominal cavity.

It has two portions — the parietal and visceral peritoneum — enclosing the peritoneal cavity filled with serous fluid.

The peritoneum has five notable folds - the greater omentum, falciform ligament, lesser omentum, mesentery, and mesocolon.

These folds bind some abdominal organs together and to the abdominal cavity. They also carry blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves that cater to the abdominal organs.

The longest peritoneal fold is the greater omentum. It covers the transverse colon and small intestine coils. It is also rich in adipose tissue.

The falciform ligament links the liver to the front abdominal wall and diaphragm.

The lesser omentum develops in the serosa of the stomach and duodenum and connects these organs to the liver.

The mesentery, a fan-shaped peritoneal fold, attaches the jejunum and ileum to the posterior abdominal wall.

Lastly, the mesocolon connects the transverse and sigmoid colons to the posterior abdominal wall through two peritoneal folds.