Estimation of k and V_D of Aminoglycosides

Aminoglycosides, which are used to treat bacterial infections, can be administered intravenously, commonly through multiple doses.

So, they require precise dosing based on pharmacokinetic parameters like the elimination rate constant and the volume of distribution.

The elimination rate constant influences dosage timing and frequency, while the volume of distribution affects drug dispersion into body tissues and plasma drug levels.

These parameters can be estimated by collecting a minimal number of plasma drug samples at specific intervals and using a one-compartment model to avoid the distributive phase.

Drug dose is determined by the desirable peak and trough blood concentrations.

For instance, target peak gentamicin concentrations range from 6–10 μg/mL for severe to life-threatening infections. Lower steady-state trough levels are maintained, which vary based on the severity of the infection and compromised renal function.

The infusion rate can be calculated using the elimination rate constant, volume of distribution, and peak plasma drug concentration.