Suctioning the Oropharyngeal Airway

Gather a suction unit with tubing, a prepackaged suction kit, sterile gloves, water-soluble lubricant, saline for irrigation, and personal protective equipment including a gown, mask, and goggles. Ensure all equipment is assembled before beginning the procedure to maintain aseptic technique and prevent infection transmission.

Adjust the suction unit pressure dial to 100-120 mmHg for adults, 80-100 mmHg for children, and 60-80 mmHg for infants. Lower pressures may be necessary for portable units. Careful calibration prevents trauma and hypoxemia during oropharyngeal suctioning. Always verify pressure before inserting the catheter.

Position the patient in a semi-Fowler's position to minimize aspiration risk. You may increase supplemental oxygen before and after suctioning to mitigate hypoxemia. Inform the patient about the procedure and ensure privacy by closing bed curtains. Accurate patient identification using two separate identifiers prevents procedural errors.

Lubricate the first 2 to 3 inches of the catheter with water-soluble lubricant. Gently insert it through the mouth and advance 3 to 4 inches to reach the pharynx without activating suction. Apply intermittent suction only during withdrawal using a rotating motion, limiting suction to 10 to 15 seconds to minimize mucosal damage.

Assess the patient's respiratory status to determine whether suctioning is necessary. After suctioning, reassess respiratory condition to detect potential complications and evaluate the need for further suctioning based on secretion volume and nature. This assessment ensures the procedure is clinically indicated and effective.

Practice hand hygiene before and after the procedure. Don appropriate personal protective equipment according to infection control guidelines. Use aseptic technique to open the sterile suction package and prepare a sterile field, ensuring the catheter and supplies remain uncontaminated throughout the procedure.

Flush the catheter with saline to eliminate remaining secretions. Dispose of gloves and the catheter appropriately. Thoroughly clean and reorganize equipment to ensure a safe environment. Document procedure details in the patient's medical record, including observations or issues, then repeat hand hygiene to maintain infection control standards.