Name: February 2016 - This Month in JoVE: Photoconvertible Proteins, Gold Nanoparticles, PET Principles, and Bone Marrow Microenvironments (Video) | JoVE Journal
Uploaded: 2016-02-01T15:05:00.000+00:00
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Description: Explore innovative methods across developmental biology, chemistry, engineering, and medicine from JoVE's February 2016 issue. Learn photoconvertible protein tracking, gold nanoparticle synthesis, PET imaging construction, and tumor resistance modeling.

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<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/53388">A Simple Method for the Size Controlled Synthesis of Stable Oligomeric Clusters of Gold Nanoparticles under Ambient Conditions</a></h2>Marlon Lawrence1, Anze Testen1, Tilen Koklic2, Oliver Smithies11Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2Condensed Matter Physics Department, Laboratory of Biophysics, Jozef Stefan Institute
We describe a simple method for producing highly stable oligomeric clusters of gold nanoparticles via the reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) with sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN). The oligoclusters have a narrow size distribution and can be produced with a wide range of sizes and surface coats.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/52272">A Basic Positron Emission Tomography System Constructed to Locate a Radioactive Source in a Bi-dimensional Space</a></h2>Luis Manuel Monta&#241;o-Zetina, Omar Villalobos-MoraPhysics Department, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav)We present a simple but well-constructed Positron Emission Tomography (PET) system and elucidate its basic working principles. The goal of this protocol is to guide the user in constructing and testing a simple PET system.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/53604">Tracking Cells in GFP-transgenic Zebrafish Using the Photoconvertible PSmOrange System</a></h2>Carlo A. Beretta1,2,3, Nicolas Dross2, Ulrike Engel2, Matthias Carl11Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Heidelberg University, 2COS and Nikon Imaging Center at the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 3University of Heidelberg, Excellenzcluster CellNetworksWe established the photoconvertible PSmOrange system as a powerful, straight-forward and cost inexpensive tool for in vivo cell tracking in GFP transgenic backgrounds. This protocol describes its application in the zebrafish model system.<h2 class="jove_title"><a href="https://www.jove.com/video/53645">Modeling Chemotherapy Resistant Leukemia In Vitro</a></h2>William L. Slone*1, Blake S. Moses*1, Rebecca Evans1, Debbie Piktel1, Karen H. Martin1,2, William Petros1, Michael Craig1, Laura F. Gibson1,31Alexander B. Osborn Hematopoietic Malignancy and Transplantation Program of the Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 2Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 3Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University School of MedicineThe current report summarizes a protocol that can be utilized to model the influence of the bone marrow microenvironment niche on leukemic cells with emphasis placed on enrichment of the most chemoresistant subpopulation.

february 2016 - this month in jove: photoconvertible proteins, gold nanoparticles, pet principles, and bone marrow microenvironments

February 2016 - This Month in JoVE: Photoconvertible Proteins, Gold Nanoparticles, PET Principles, and Bone Marrow Microenvironments

Here's a look at what's coming up in the <a href="http://www.jove.com/archive/108">February 2016 issue</a> of <a href="http://www.jove.com/">JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments</a>.
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/devbio">JoVE Developmental Biology</a>, the transparent, rapidly developing zebrafish embryo is ideal for visualizing developmental processes. When cells of interest are labeled with fluorescent photoconvertible proteins, they allow precise tracking of defined structures-highlighting specific cells while leaving other transgenic cells in the dark. <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/53604/tracking-cells-gfp-transgenic-zebrafish-using-photoconvertible?status=a55610k">Beretta et al.</a> have established the photoswitchable monomeric orange (PSmOrange) system for zebrafish. This protein's orange-to-red spectrum allows it to visible in existing transgenic lines expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP). Microinjection of nuclear-targeted PSmOrange mRNA labels all cell nuclei with orange/red fluorescence, and targeted photoconversion switches its emission spectrum to far red. The quantum efficiency and stability of PSmOrange makes it a superb cell-tracking tool for living zebrafish during embryonic development and disease.
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/chem">JoVE Chemistry</a>, few materials have found as many uses in so many diverse fields as gold nanoparticles. Their applications range from biological sensors to radio frequency-based cancer treatments. Gold nanoparticles are valued for their unique structural, optical and electronic properties. These special attributes caught the interest of Oliver Smithies, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2007. This month, he and his colleagues describe a simple method for producing highly stable oligomeric clusters of gold nanoparticles, and present models that can predict particle size with great accuracy.
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/eng">JoVE Engineering</a>, we look at the principles of positron emission tomography (PET), a non-invasive technique for imaging the body's inner tissues and organs. <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/52272">Monta&#241;o-Zetina and Villalobos-Mora</a> present a guide for constructing a simple, homemade PET system for fully characterizing its basic working principles. This prototype demonstrates the primary functions of PET, and serves as an elegant model for teaching its principles to the academic public. 
In <a href="http://www.jove.com/med">JoVE Medicine</a>, it is well established that the bone marrow microenvironment provides a haven for hematopoietic diseases. This month, <a href="http://www.jove.com/video/53645/">Slone et al.</a> use cell types from the bone marrow niche in an in vitro co-culture model. This supports the generation of a subpopulation of chemoresistant tumor cells. These calls can be used to investigate the underlying pathways of tumor development and to test novel therapeutic strategies.
You've just had a sneak peek of the <a href="http://www.jove.com/archive/108">February 2016 issue</a> of <a href="http://www.jove.com/">JoVE</a>. Visit the website to see the full-length articles, plus many more, in <a href="http://www.jove.com/">JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments</a>.

Here's a look at what's coming up in the February 2016 issue of JoVE: The Journal of Visualized Experiments.
In JoVE Developmental Biology, the ...

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Explore innovative methods across developmental biology, chemistry, engineering, and medicine from JoVE's February 2016 issue. Learn photoconvertible protein tracking, gold nanoparticle synthesis, PET imaging construction, and tumor resistance modeling.

February 2016 - This Month in JoVE: Photoconvertible Proteins, Gold Nanoparticles, PET Principles, and Bone Marrow Microenvironments (Video) | JoVE Journal

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February 2016 - This Month in JoVE: Photoconvertible Proteins, Gold Nanoparticles, PET Principles, and Bone Marrow Microenvironments

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