Ring Current Effects in Aromatic NMR

Ring current effects in aromatic and antiaromatic compounds change how protons appear in NMR. In aromatic molecules such as benzene, the circulation of (4n + 2) pi-electrons creates a diamagnetic, or diatropic, ring current around the outside of the ring. This current makes the magnetic field weaker inside the ring and stron...

In aromatic compounds, the circulation of (4n + 2) π-electrons sets up a diamagnetic or diatropic ring current around their perimeters.  

This current induces a magnetic field that opposes the external field inside the ring and reinforces it on the outside.

So, the protons in benzene are deshielded and exhibit high chemica...