Set Shifting Task
Set Shifting Task - Related Videos
08:35
An Operant Intra-/Extra-dimensional Set-shift Task for Mice
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Cited by 13 •
2016
Attentional set-shifting cognitive abnormalities are a core feature of many psychiatric diseases. Here, we present the development of a novel automatic system for the effective study of attentional set-shifting abilities, executive functions and other cognitive abilities in mice with high translational validity to human studies.
09:15
The Attentional Set Shifting Task: A Measure of Cognitive Flexibility in Mice
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Cited by 82 •
2015
The goal of this protocol is to perform a behavioral assay such as the attentional set shifting task (AST) to assess prefrontal cortex-mediated cognitive flexibility in mice.
09:45
New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat
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Cited by 3 •
2017
Set-shifting, a form of behavioral flexibility, requires an attentional shift from one stimulus dimension to another. We extended an established rodent set-shifting task1 by requiring attention to different stimuli according to context. The task was combined with specific lesions to identify neuron subtypes underlying a successful shift.
11:45
Piaget's Conservation Task and the Influence of Task Demands
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2023
Source: Laboratories of Judith Danovitch and Nicholaus Noles—University of Louisville Jean Piaget was a pioneer in the field of developmental psychology, and his theory of cognitive development is one of the most well-known psychological theories. At the heart of Piaget’s theory is the idea that children’s ways of thinking change over the course of childhood. Piaget provided evidence for these changes by comparing how children of different ages responded to questions and problems that he...
09:37
Chronic Stress Shifts Effort-Related Choice Behavior in a Y-Maze Barrier Task in Mice
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Cited by 17 •
2020
The Y-maze barrier task is a behavior test that examines motivation to expend effort for reward. Here, we discuss testing multiple well-validated chronic stressors including chronic corticosterone and social defeat stress with this behavior, as well as the novel chronic non-discriminatory social defeat stress (CNSDS), which is effective in females.
FAQs
Perseverative errors indicate continued selection according to the previously rewarded rule after the task has changed. They help distinguish difficulty adapting from simple mistakes made while learning the original association. Examining these errors alongside accuracy and response time provides a more informative picture of whether performance reflects flexible updating or continued reliance on the earlier rule.
Feedback signals whether a choice was consistent with the currently relevant rule and supports learning during each phase. A shift in the relevant feature, such as moving from color to shape, requires the participant or animal to redirect attention rather than apply the established selection strategy. Performance after that change reveals the effectiveness of adaptation.
Accuracy shows how often selections follow the relevant rule, whereas response time indicates how quickly those selections are made. Considering both measures prevents performance from being summarized by a single outcome. Perseverative errors add a third perspective by identifying responses tied to the former rule, allowing researchers to characterize learning, executive function, and behavioral adaptation more fully.
A typical Set Shifting Task begins with trials in which selections are guided by one stimulus feature. After the participant or animal learns that association, the relevant feature changes, and feedback accompanies choices under the new rule. Researchers then examine accuracy, response time, and perseverative errors to assess how performance changes across the shift.
Researchers apply the task in studies of development, aging, and neurological disorders because performance can reveal differences in learning, executive function, and behavioral adaptation. The same framework also supports evaluation of drug or brain-intervention effects. Comparing responses across these settings helps investigators examine how effectively individuals adjust when learned behavioral requirements change.
Changes in accuracy, response time, and perseverative errors provide behavioral outcomes for examining whether a drug or brain intervention affects adaptation after a rule change. Researchers can assess whether performance improves, worsens, or changes in its pattern following the intervention. These measures connect the manipulation to learning, executive function, and flexible behavior without relying on a single score.