Spin Echo Fmri
Spin Echo Fmri - Related Videos
06:05
Using Neutron Spin Echo Resolved Grazing Incidence Scattering to Investigate Organic Solar Cell Materials
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2014
Progress has been made in utilizing spin echo resolved grazing incidence scattering (SERGIS) as a neutron scattering technique to probe the length-scales in irregular samples. Crystallites of [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester have been probed using the SERGIS technique and the results confirmed by optical and atomic force microscopy.
08:03
Study of Protein Dynamics via Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy
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Cited by 4 •
2022
The present protocol describes methods for investigating the structure and dynamics of two model proteins that have an important role in human health. The technique combines bench-top biophysical characterization with neutron spin echo spectroscopy to access the dynamics at time and length scales relevant for protein interdomain motions.
09:55
Monitoring Acupuncture Effects on Human Brain by fMRI
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Cited by 82 •
2010
FMRI and physiological monitoring is used to study the effects of Acupuncture on the central and peripheral nervous systems. Acupuncture mobilizes a limbic-paralimbic-neocortical network, with great overlap with the default mode network, to modulate neurological activity, possibly related to its autonomic effect in the peripheral nervous system.
01:06
Echo
0 Views •
2023
The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources. Imagine the sound is reflected back to the ears. Assuming that the source is very close to the human, the difference between hearing the two sounds—the emitted sound and the reflected sound—may be more than the minimum time for perceiving distinct sounds. If this is the case, then the...
08:22
Simultaneous fMRI and Electrophysiology in the Rodent Brain
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Cited by 45 •
2010
We have developed a method for simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging and electrophysiological recording in the rodent brain, providing a platform for the investigation of the relationship between neural activity and the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) MRI signal.
FAQs
The 180-degree refocusing pulse follows the initial radiofrequency excitation and helps form a measurable echo. This sequence reduces certain magnetic field distortions that can weaken or alter functional signals. As a result, spin echo fMRI can support more reliable measurements in brain regions where susceptibility-related signal loss makes activity difficult to assess with other approaches.
Spin echo fMRI produces T2-weighted blood-oxygen-level-dependent contrast. This contrast reflects changes in blood oxygenation associated with neural activity, allowing researchers to map task-related brain responses. Its T2 weighting is especially useful when the goal is to examine functional changes in regions where magnetic field effects complicate conventional measurements.
Susceptibility-related effects can distort magnetic resonance signals and reduce the reliability of activity measurements in particular brain areas. The refocusing sequence used in spin echo fMRI reduces certain of these distortions, helping preserve interpretable functional information. This advantage makes the technique a useful complement when conventional gradient echo fMRI provides limited measurements in challenging regions.
The two approaches can provide complementary information because spin echo fMRI is more resistant to some magnetic field distortions, while gradient echo fMRI remains a conventional method for measuring blood-oxygen-level-dependent responses. Using spin echo fMRI alongside gradient echo imaging can help researchers compare functional measurements and address signal limitations in regions affected by susceptibility.
A typical acquisition begins with a radiofrequency excitation pulse, followed by a 180-degree refocusing pulse that produces an echo. The resulting signal is used to obtain T2-weighted blood-oxygen-level-dependent information. In a behavioral experiment, these measurements can then be related to brain responses occurring while participants perform a specified task.
Spin echo fMRI can be incorporated into studies of perception, learning, decision-making, and other behavioral tasks. Researchers examine changes in blood oxygenation while participants engage in these activities, then use the resulting functional measurements to study neural processes associated with behavior. The method is particularly relevant when the targeted regions present susceptibility-related measurement challenges.
Researchers may consider this approach when a behavioral study targets brain regions vulnerable to susceptibility-related signal loss or other magnetic field distortions. Its improved resistance to some artifacts can support more reliable activity measurements in those areas. The technique is therefore useful as a complementary option alongside conventional gradient echo fMRI rather than as a universal replacement.