Lymphocyte Subsets
Lymphocyte Subsets - Related Videos
09:20
Intracellular Staining and Flow Cytometry to Identify Lymphocyte Subsets within Murine Aorta, Kidney and Lymph Nodes in a Model of Hypertension
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Cited by 8 •
2017
This article provides detailed methodology to identify and quantify functional T lymphocyte subsets present within murine kidney, aorta and lymph nodes by intracellular staining and flow cytometry. The model of angiotensin II induced hypertension was chosen to explain, step-by-step, the procedures and fundamental principles of flow cytometry and intracellular staining.
14:06
Isolation of Precursor B-cell Subsets from Umbilical Cord Blood
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Cited by 2 •
2013
Here we describe a protocol for isolating subsets of precursor B-cells from umbilical cord blood. A sufficient quantity and quality of nucleic acids may be extracted from the cells and used in subsequent assays utilizing DNA or RNA.
12:59
Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
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Cited by 33 •
2013
With effector functions distinct from other T cell subsets, Th17 cells have been centrally implicated in inflammatory autoimmunity. This in vitro Th17 differentiation protocol provides a means to determine whether naïve CD4+ T lymphocytes can differentiate into Th17 cells, and to further examine their role in autoimmunity and host response.
04:57
A Flow Cytometry Assay to Identify Immune Cell Subsets in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
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2025
This video demonstrates a flow cytometry-based technique using two fluorochromes to identify CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, γδ T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and monocytes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Upon incubating the cells with fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies against the surface markers, the cell subsets are identified using an optimal flow cytometric gating strategy.
08:08
Isolation and Activation of Murine Lymphocytes
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Cited by 56 •
2016
Lymphocytes are the major players in adaptive immune responses. Here, we present a lymphocyte purification protocol to determine the physiological functions of the desired molecules in lymphocyte activation in vitro and in vivo. The described experimental procedures are suitable for comparing functional capacities between control and genetically modified lymphocytes.
FAQs
Marker combinations provide more information than a single lineage-associated marker because they allow investigators to separate populations within the broader B-cell, T-cell, or NK-cell categories. In practice, immunophenotyping uses the joint pattern of surface markers to assign cells to subsets, while functional properties help interpret what those populations may contribute to an immune response.
The major subsets differ in how they participate in immunity. B-cell activation can lead to antibody production, T-cell receptors support antigen recognition with helper or cytotoxic functions, and NK cells provide killing of stressed or infected cells without prior antigen-specific sensitization. Considering these roles together helps connect a measured subset profile with adaptive or innate immune activity.
Subset composition can change the interpretation of an immune sample even when the total lymphocyte population is considered as a whole. Separating B, T, and NK populations allows researchers to ask whether an observed immune change is associated with antibody-related activity, T-cell recognition or effector functions, or innate cytotoxicity. This distinction helps compare biological conditions or treatment responses.
A typical analysis uses blood or tissue as the starting material and defines populations through immunophenotyping, meaning classification based on cellular markers and related properties. Researchers then quantify the selected subsets, producing a profile of immune-cell composition. That profile can be compared between biological conditions or used to examine changes associated with disease, transplantation, or treatment.
Flow cytometry supports subset analysis by measuring combinations of lineage-associated surface markers on cells in a sample. This makes it possible to identify and quantify selected B-cell, T-cell, and NK-cell populations within the same analysis. The approach is useful when investigators need a structured comparison of immune-cell composition across blood or tissue samples.
Researchers apply lymphocyte subset analysis to study immune development and to characterize changes associated with infection, cancer, autoimmunity, or transplantation. It can also support evaluation of treatment-related immune changes by showing whether particular B-cell, T-cell, or NK-cell populations shift in a sample. These measurements provide cellular context for interpreting broader changes in immune status.