Particle Selection
Particle Selection - Related Videos
03:37
Subatomic Particles
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2020
Dalton was only partially correct about the particles that make up matter. All matter is composed of atoms, and atoms are composed of three smaller subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. These three particles account for the mass and the charge of an atom. The Discovery of the Electron The first clue about the subatomic structure came at the end of the 19th century when J.J. Thomson discovered the electron using a cathode ray tube. This apparatus consisted of a sealed glass...
16:31
Echo Particle Image Velocimetry
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Cited by 10 •
2012
An echo particle image velocimetry (EPIV) system capable of acquiring two-dimensional fields of velocity in optically opaque fluids or through optically opaque geometries is described, and validation measurements in pipe flow are reported.
06:48
Natural Selection - Concepts
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2019
Fitness Widespread variation of phenotypes in natural populations provides the raw material for evolution, which is the change in the inherited traits of populations over successive generations. Natural selection is one of the main mechanisms of evolution and requires variable traits to be heritable and associated with differential survival and/or reproductive success. Phenotypes that correlate with greater success will have more offspring that survive to reproduce in the next generation, and...
03:14
Artificial Selection - Concepts
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2019
Natural Selection and Adaptive Evolution In natural settings, adaptive evolution takes place by natural selection, a process in which differences in traits lead to differences in survival and reproductive success between individuals. This happens because individuals with certain phenotypes have a higher probability of survival and/or produce more surviving offspring than individuals with other phenotypes. A classic example of this was demonstrated by Rosemary and Peter Grant studying the...
02:41
Concentration and Purification of Viral Particles
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2026
Source: Fricano-Kugler, C. J., et al. Designing, Packaging, and Delivery of High Titer CRISPR Retro and Lentiviruses via Stereotaxic Injection. J. Vis. Exp. (2016).This video demonstrates the step-by-step process for concentrating and purifying lentiviral particles from a mixed suspension containing host cell debris. The procedure utilizes centrifugation, filtration, and PEG-salt precipitation to isolate viral particles while removing soluble impurities. The final product is resuspended in a...
FAQs
Recovery depends on how strongly each particle responds to the applied separation principle. A filter presents a size-based barrier, centrifugation uses differences related to density, magnetic capture responds to magnetic properties, and a functionalized surface uses molecular affinity. Particles matching the chosen criterion are retained or captured, while others pass through or remain in suspension.
Each property separates a different class of biological material. Size can distinguish particles that differ in dimensions, whereas density supports separation during centrifugation. Charge provides another measurable basis for discrimination, while molecular affinity allows a functionalized surface to capture particles carrying a compatible target. The selected property should match the biological distinction being investigated.
Biological mixtures can contain cells, extracellular vesicles, microorganisms, and other materials with overlapping or distinct physical and biochemical properties. Selecting a compatible principle determines which population is retained and which remains outside the recovered fraction. This matters because the isolated material must remain suitable for its intended use, such as imaging, molecular analysis, or downstream experimentation.
A general workflow begins by identifying the target particle and a measurable property that distinguishes it from the mixture. The sample is then exposed to a suitable barrier, force, capture mechanism, or functionalized surface. After separation, the retained or captured fraction is collected for imaging, molecular analysis, diagnostics, or another downstream experiment.
The method should correspond to the property available for discrimination. Filtration is appropriate when size differences provide the relevant barrier, while centrifugation uses density-related behavior. Magnetic capture requires a magnetic selection basis, and functionalized surfaces rely on molecular affinity. Comparing these options helps align the separation mechanism with the particle type and the planned analysis.
In biological research, selection can support work with cells, extracellular vesicles, microorganisms, and other biological particles. The resulting fractions may be directed to imaging, molecular analysis, diagnostics, or downstream experiments. Its value lies in enriching or isolating material from a mixture so that the selected population can be examined using an appropriate biological assay or analytical workflow.