Reprogramming Factors
Reprogramming Factors - Related Videos
11:00
Reprogramming Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts with Transcription Factors to Induce a Hemogenic Program
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Cited by 1 •
2016
The protocol described here details the induction of a hemogenic program in mouse embryonic fibroblasts via overexpression of a minimal set of transcription factors. This technology may be translated to the human system to provide platforms for future study of hematopoiesis, hematologic disease, and hematopoietic stem cell transplant.
09:29
Assessing Cardiomyocyte Subtypes Following Transcription Factor-mediated Reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts
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Cited by 5 •
2017
This manuscript describes a step-by-step protocol for the generation and quantification of diverse reprogrammed cardiac subtypes using a retrovirus-mediated delivery of Gata4, Hand2, Mef2c, and Tbx5.
11:48
Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Reprogramming Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts with a Four Transcription Factor, Doxycycline Inducible Lentiviral Transduction System
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Cited by 22 •
2009
The Stemgent Dox Inducible Mouse TF Lentivirus Set can reprogram mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. Here we demonstrate the protocol for DOX-inducible expression of mouse reprogramming transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc to generate iPS colonies that express common mES pluripotency markers.
09:38
Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts into Melanocytes
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Cited by 2 •
2021
Here, we describe an optimized direct reprogramming system for melanocytes and a high-efficiency, concentrated virus packaging system that ensures smooth direct reprogramming.
02:12
Direct Neuronal Reprogramming of Mouse Astrocytes into Neurons
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2025
This video showcases the direct reprogramming of astrocytes expressing transforming factors into neurons. Transformation factors trigger a cascade of molecular events facilitating astrocyte-to-neuron conversion. The process is further supported by supplying specific agents and supplements through a neuronal differentiation medium.
FAQs
These proteins redirect gene activity by activating genes associated with pluripotency while suppressing programs that preserve the cell’s original specialized identity. The resulting shift does not merely add new gene activity; it changes the overall regulatory state of the cell. This coordinated action gives the cell new developmental potential and supports its transition toward an induced pluripotent state.
Changes in chromatin accessibility and epigenetic regulation help determine which genes can be activated or silenced during the transition. Reprogramming factors therefore work within a broader regulatory change rather than acting on gene expression alone. These alterations support access to pluripotency-associated programs and help weaken the molecular patterns that maintain the starting cell identity.
A differentiated cell retains gene-expression programs that stabilize its specialized state. Activating pluripotency-associated genes without reducing those existing programs would not fully reset cellular identity. Suppression of the original program is therefore a central part of the transition, allowing the cell to move away from its former specialization and acquire broader developmental potential.
In the appropriate cellular reprogramming context, these factors can generate induced pluripotent stem cells from adult cells. This outcome is important because the resulting cells provide a population with renewed developmental potential for experimental study. Their use connects the molecular action of the factors with practical biology, including modeling development and investigating disease-related processes.
Cells generated through reprogramming can serve as experimental models for development and disease. They allow researchers to examine how cellular states are established, altered, and maintained in a controlled research setting. This application makes the factors valuable not only for producing a new cell state, but also for studying biological processes that are difficult to investigate using the original differentiated cells.
Reprogramming provides a route to cells with renewed developmental potential, creating platforms for drug testing and potential sources for regenerative medicine. In drug research, these cells can support studies of how treatments affect biologically relevant cellular models. In regenerative contexts, their potential value comes from the possibility of obtaining cells that may contribute to replacing or restoring specialized cell populations.