S Phase Quantification
S Phase Quantification - Related Videos
02:39
Phase Diagrams
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2020
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
02:31
Phase Transitions
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2020
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to occupy...
06:16
Real-time Imaging and Quantification of Fungal Biofilm Development Using a Two-Phase Recirculating Flow System
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2018
We describe the assembly, operation, and cleaning of a flow apparatus designed to image fungal biofilm formation in real time while under flow. We also provide and discuss quantitative algorithms to be used on the acquired images.
08:32
Directional Solidification and Phase Stabilization
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2023
Source: Sina Shahbazmohamadi and Peiman Shahbeigi-Roodposhti-Roodposhti, School of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT Directional solidification zone melting is a metallurgical process in which a narrow region of a crystal (usually in the form of bar) is melted. The furnace moves along the rod shape sample, meaning that the molten zone is moved along the crystal and the molten zone is moved from one end of the bar to the other. This mechanism is widely used in alloys, however...
09:42
Solid Phase Synthesis
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2023
Source: Vy M. Dong and Diane Le, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA Merrifield's solid-phase synthesis is a Nobel Prize winning invention where a reactant molecule is bound on a solid support and undergoes successive chemical reactions to form a desired compound. When the molecules are bound to a solid support, excess reagents and byproducts can be removed by washing away the impurities, while the target compound remains bound to the resin. Specifically, we will...
FAQs
Thymidine analog choice determines how newly synthesized DNA is detected. BrdU is measured through antibody-based detection, whereas EdU is detected using click chemistry, a chemical labeling reaction. In either case, incorporation marks DNA made during the labeling period, allowing investigators to identify cells actively progressing through synthesis and compare replication activity across experimental conditions.
DNA-content analysis provides a cell-cycle framework for interpreting labeling results. Flow cytometry can separate cells with DNA amounts associated with G1, S, and G2/M populations, while BrdU or EdU identifies newly synthesized DNA. Combining these measurements helps place replication activity within overall cell-cycle progression rather than evaluating DNA synthesis in isolation.
Cell-cycle arrest can be evaluated by examining how an experimental treatment changes the fraction of cells incorporating a thymidine analog and their distribution among DNA-content populations. A treatment that alters these measurements may affect progression through synthesis or other cell-cycle stages. This makes the approach useful for studying how drugs or genetic changes modify proliferation.
A typical workflow labels cells with a thymidine analog so that newly synthesized DNA contains BrdU or EdU. The incorporated label is then detected with an antibody-based assay or click chemistry, respectively. Researchers may pair this measurement with DNA-content analysis by flow cytometry to distinguish replication activity from the G1 and G2/M populations.
Researchers use this measurement when they need to evaluate cell proliferation or cell-cycle progression in biological systems. It supports studies of development and cancer, where changes in DNA replication can reflect altered growth behavior. The same strategy also helps examine replication dynamics and responses to experimental drugs or genetic changes.
The assay can show whether a treatment or genetic change is associated with altered DNA replication, proliferation, or cell-cycle progression. When combined with DNA-content measurements, it can also indicate how cells are distributed across G1, S, and G2/M. These outcomes help investigators assess cell-cycle arrest and examine responses linked to DNA damage.