Scorpion Venom Extraction
Scorpion Venom Extraction - Related Videos
10:25
Extraction of Venom and Venom Gland Microdissections from Spiders for Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses
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Cited by 28 •
2014
This article provides a protocol for the extraction of venom from spiders using electrical stimulation in order to 1) conduct proteomic characterization, 2) stimulate venom gland gene expression, and 3) perform functional studies of venoms. This is followed by a description of venom gland microdissections for gene expression studies.
05:27
Captive Maintenance and Venom Extraction of Tityus serrulatus (Brazilian Yellow Scorpion) for Antivenom Production
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Cited by 1 •
2023
Here, we present successful maintenance and venom extraction protocols for large-scale Tityus serrulatus Lutz and Mello, 1922 (Brazilian yellow scorpion) husbandry, with the aim of providing venom for subsequent scorpion antivenom production to meet the demand of the Brazilian health system.
07:50
Electrophysiology of Scorpion Peg Sensilla
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Cited by 4 •
2011
This article describes an electrophysiological method for isolating chemical stimulation to individual sensilla via extracellular, tip-recordings under mineral oil.
03:53
Extracting Venom from the Parasitoid Wasp Trichogramma dendrolimi Using an Artificial Host
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Cited by 1 •
2023
Here, we present a protocol for extracting venom from Trichogramma dendrolimi using an artificial host created with polyethylene film and amino acid solution.
03:16
Phospholipase Activity Assay: A Gel Diffusion Assay to Determine Phospholipase Activity in Crude Venom Extract from Anthopleura dowii
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2025
In this video, we demonstrate an assay to establish the presence of phospholipase in the crude venom extract from Anthopleura dowii—a marine sea anemone. The assay utilizes an agarose gel diffusion technique, in which the enzyme phospholipase diffuses and breaks down phospholipids incorporated in the solid media in a radial manner.
FAQs
Stimulation acts on the telson and stinger, triggering contraction of the venom glands. Mild electrical stimulation and manual stimulation are both described as ways to initiate this response. The resulting expulsion provides a controlled sample from a live scorpion under controlled conditions, supporting biological investigation of venom.
The telson and stinger are the focal structures for manual stimulation because they are associated with venom expulsion. Their manipulation is linked to contraction of the venom glands, connecting an external handling step with the biological release mechanism. This relationship helps target collection during controlled procedures.
After collection, researchers can separate and preserve venom before analysis. Examining peptides, enzymes, and toxins as distinct components helps link particular substances to questions in neurobiology, defense mechanisms, or interactions with cellular targets. This component-level approach also supports evaluation of venom constituents as candidate therapeutics, diagnostics, or bioactive compounds.
A supported workflow includes careful restraint, stimulation of the telson and stinger, collection in a sterile vessel, and processing under controlled conditions. These steps connect animal handling with sample preparation while limiting the description to the documented workflow. The resulting material can then be separated, preserved, and analyzed for its biological constituents.
The collected material supports studies of toxin function, neurobiology, and scorpion defense mechanisms. Researchers can also examine how venom constituents interact with cellular targets, using those observations to investigate biological activity. In this way, the technique connects organismal behavior and defense with molecular and cell-level analysis.
Venom samples can be investigated for candidate therapeutics, diagnostic uses, and bioactive compounds. Biochemical analysis of peptides, enzymes, and toxins supplies the material for these investigations, while biological studies can focus on toxin function or cellular interactions. The technique therefore supports efforts to develop research candidates from venom constituents.