Transducing Particles
Transducing Particles - Related Videos
08:12
Pressure Transducer: Calibration Using a Pitot-static Tube
0 Views •
2023
Source: Shreyas Narsipur, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC Fluid pressure is an important flow characteristic that is required to determine the aerodynamics of a system. One of the oldest and still existing pressure measurement systems is the manometer due to its accuracy and simplicity of operation. The manometer is generally a U-shaped glass tube that is partially filled with liquid, as shown in Figure 1. The U-tube manometer requires no...
08:46
Production of Lentiviral Vectors for Transducing Cells from the Central Nervous System
0 Views •
Cited by 44 •
2012
In this protocol we describe production, purification and titration of lentiviral vectors. We provide an example of lentiviral vector-mediated gene delivery in primary cultured neurons and astrocytes. Our methods may also apply to other cell types in vitro and in vivo.
03:37
Subatomic Particles
0 Views •
2020
Dalton was only partially correct about the particles that make up matter. All matter is composed of atoms, and atoms are composed of three smaller subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. These three particles account for the mass and the charge of an atom. The Discovery of the Electron The first clue about the subatomic structure came at the end of the 19th century when J.J. Thomson discovered the electron using a cathode ray tube. This apparatus consisted of a sealed glass...
07:12
Alphavirus Transducing System: Tools for Visualizing Infection in Mosquito Vectors
0 Views •
Cited by 11 •
2010
Methods for using alphavirus transducing systems to express fluorescent reporters in vitro and in adult mosquitoes are described. This technique may be adapted to express any protein of interest in lieu of or in addition to a reporter.
02:41
Concentration and Purification of Viral Particles
0 Views •
2026
Source: Fricano-Kugler, C. J., et al. Designing, Packaging, and Delivery of High Titer CRISPR Retro and Lentiviruses via Stereotaxic Injection. J. Vis. Exp. (2016).This video demonstrates the step-by-step process for concentrating and purifying lentiviral particles from a mixed suspension containing host cell debris. The procedure utilizes centrifugation, filtration, and PEG-salt precipitation to isolate viral particles while removing soluble impurities. The final product is resuspended in a...
FAQs
Generalized transduction can transfer bacterial DNA because host material is packaged accidentally during phage assembly, without restriction to particular genes. Specialized transduction instead reflects incorrect excision of a prophage, so the transferred DNA corresponds to bacterial genes located near the prophage integration site. This distinction affects which genetic traits may be moved between cells.
After injection, the introduced bacterial DNA can remain separate or undergo homologous recombination with matching DNA in the recipient. Homologous recombination is the exchange of corresponding sequences, allowing the incoming segment to become integrated into the recipient chromosome. The outcome therefore depends on sequence correspondence between the transferred DNA and the recipient cell.
During phage assembly, packaging normally places phage genetic material into new particles. If bacterial DNA is packaged instead of, or alongside, a complete phage genome, the resulting particle can carry host genes to another bacterium. This error links phage assembly with horizontal gene transfer and explains how bacterial DNA can move between cells.
The process begins when a phage-derived particle acquires bacterial DNA during assembly or prophage excision. It then contacts another bacterium and injects the carried DNA. If the incoming sequence matches a region in the recipient, homologous recombination may integrate it. Thus, particle formation, delivery, and DNA integration represent distinct stages.
Researchers can use the transfer of bacterial genes to examine their genetic relationships and positions. When particular genes move together through transduction, their shared transfer provides evidence that they are linked in the bacterial genome. This makes transducing particles useful for studying gene organization and mapping bacterial genetic material.
These particles support investigations of bacterial evolution, phage-host interactions, and the movement of defined genetic material. They show how phages can influence bacterial genomes while also serving as tools for molecular research. Studying which DNA is transferred and whether it integrates connects particle biology with changes in bacterial traits and genomes.