Optical Spectroscopy
Optical Spectroscopy - Related Videos
06:21
Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy for the Quantitative Assessment of Acute Ionizing Radiation Induced Skin Toxicity Using a Mouse Model
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Cited by 13 •
2016
We present a diffuse optical spectroscopic (DOS) approach that provides quantitative optical biomarkers of skin response to radiation. We describe DOS instrumentation design, optical parameters extraction algorithms and the animal handling procedures required to yield representative data from a pre-clinical mouse model of radiation induced erythema.
09:21
Mössbauer Spectroscopy
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2023
Source: Joshua Wofford, Tamara M. Powers, Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University Mössbauer spectroscopy is a bulk characterization technique that examines the nuclear excitation of an atom by gamma rays in the solid state. The resulting Mössbauer spectrum provides information about the oxidation state, spin state, and electronic environment around the target atom, which, in combination, gives evidence about the electronic structure and ligand arrangement (geometry) of the molecule.
09:38
Dissecting Mechanoenzymatic Properties of Processive Myosins with Ultrafast Force-Clamp Spectroscopy
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Cited by 1 •
2021
Presented here is a comprehensive protocol to perform ultrafast force-clamp experiments on processive myosin-5 motors, which could be easily extended to the study of other classes of processive motors. The protocol details all the necessary steps, from the setup of the experimental apparatus to sample preparation, data acquisition and analysis.
07:12
Real-Time Monitoring of Neurocritical Patients with Diffuse Optical Spectroscopies
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Cited by 3 •
2020
Presented here is a protocol for non-invasively monitoring cerebral hemodynamics of neurocritical patients in real-time and at the bedside using diffuse optics. Specifically, the proposed protocol uses a hybrid diffuse optical systems to detect and display real-time information on cerebral oxygenation, cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolism.
08:11
Infrared Spectroscopy
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2023
Source: Vy M. Dong and Zhiwei Chen, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA This experiment will demonstrate the use of infrared (IR) spectroscopy (also known as vibrational spectroscopy) to elucidate the identity of an unknown compound by identifying the functional group(s) present. IR spectra will be obtained on an IR spectrometer using the attenuated total reflection (ATR) sampling technique with a neat sample of the unknown.
FAQs
Wavelength-specific features appear when electrons, molecular vibrations, or molecular rotations undergo transitions between energy states. Each transition interacts with particular portions of the light spectrum, producing features associated with a compound’s composition and structure. Comparing these patterns with reference data helps distinguish substances and provides evidence about molecular bonding and the chemical environment.
Absorption measurements examine wavelengths removed from light passing through or interacting with a sample. Emission measurements examine light released by matter after it reaches an excited state, while scattering measurements examine changes in the direction or behavior of light. These distinct interactions provide complementary information about chemical composition, structure, and energy states.
Signal intensity adds quantitative information to the locations of spectral features. Researchers can compare the strength of a sample’s signal with reference data to help determine how much of a compound is present. This makes intensity measurements useful not only for identifying substances, but also for following concentration changes during chemical processes.
Spectral features reflect transitions involving molecular vibrations, rotations, or electronic energy states. Because these transitions depend on how atoms are connected and how molecules are structured, their patterns can provide evidence about molecular bonding. In chemistry, examining those patterns alongside reference data supports structural investigation rather than relying only on a compound’s measured composition.
A typical workflow records how a sample interacts with selected portions of light, produces a spectrum, and examines the resulting features and signal intensities. Researchers then compare the spectrum with reference data to identify compounds or assess structural information. Repeated measurements can track changing signals and reveal how a reaction or sample evolves.
The technique is useful when researchers need to observe chemical changes through evolving spectral features or signal intensities. Measurements collected during a reaction can indicate whether compounds appear, disappear, or change in concentration over time. This supports reaction-kinetics studies by connecting spectral changes with the progress of the chemical process.
Optical spectroscopy supports quality control, environmental analysis, and materials characterization in addition to chemical identification. In quality control, spectral comparisons can help assess sample composition; environmental analysis can examine chemically relevant signals; and materials studies can investigate structure and energy states. Computational analysis and increasingly sensitive instruments continue to broaden these research applications.