Brain Structure Alterations
Brain Structure Alterations - Related Videos
10:59
Investigations on Alterations of Hippocampal Circuit Function Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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Cited by 13 •
2012
A multi-faceted approach to investigating functional changes to hippocampal circuitry is explained. Electrophysiological techniques are described along with the injury protocol, behavioral testing and regional dissection method. The combination of these techniques can be applied in similar fashion for other brain regions and scientific questions.
04:29
Investigating Alterations in Caecum Microbiota After Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice
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Cited by 12 •
2019
Presented here is a protocol to induce diffuse traumatic brain injury using a lateral fluid percussion device followed by the collection of the caecum content for gut microbiome analysis.
17:06
Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging
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Cited by 16 •
2012
We describe a novel approach for simultaneous analysis of brain function and structure using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We assess brain structure with high-resolution diffusion-weighted imaging and white-matter fiber tractography. Unlike standard structural MRI, these techniques allow us to directly relate anatomical connectivity to functional properties of brain networks.
05:33
Three-Dimensional Shape Modeling and Analysis of Brain Structures
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Cited by 2 •
2019
We introduce a semi-automatic protocol for shape analysis on brain structures, including image segmentation using open software, and further group-wise shape analysis using an automated modeling package. Here, we demonstrate each step of the 3D shape analysis protocol with hippocampal segmentation from brain MR images.
01:30
Alterations in Respiration II
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2024
There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients. In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes include...
FAQs
Several mechanisms can reshape brain tissue, including neuronal loss, dendritic and synaptic remodeling, inflammation, tissue damage, and experience-dependent plasticity. These processes may change regional volume, gray matter, white matter, or connectivity. Their effects provide a structural basis for studying how development, disease, injury, and adaptation influence the brain across time.
Each feature captures a different aspect of brain organization. Regional volume and gray matter can reflect changes within brain regions, whereas white matter and connectivity describe structural organization between regions. Examining them together gives neuroscience researchers a broader view of whether an observed alteration involves local tissue, pathways linking regions, or both.
The same broad category of structural change can arise from very different biological contexts. Tissue damage, inflammation, or neuronal loss may accompany disease or injury, while dendritic, synaptic, or experience-dependent remodeling may reflect adaptation. Interpreting an alteration therefore requires relating its location and pattern to development, symptoms, behavior, and the surrounding biological context.
These approaches provide complementary views of structural organization. Magnetic resonance imaging helps characterize brain structure and regional changes, diffusion imaging contributes information about structural connectivity, and histological analysis examines tissue organization directly. Using an appropriate method helps researchers connect macroscopic alterations with microscopic tissue changes, cognition, behavior, or clinical symptoms.
A typical investigation begins by selecting a structural feature of interest, such as regional volume, tissue organization, or connectivity. Researchers then apply magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion imaging, or histological analysis to characterize that feature, compare relevant conditions or time points, and relate the findings to cognition, behavior, or clinical symptoms.
They are useful when researchers need to investigate development, disease, injury, or adaptation, or when clinicians need structural information alongside symptoms. Measurements can support diagnosis, disease monitoring, and treatment evaluation. In research, linking structural findings with cognition and behavior helps clarify how changes in the brain relate to functional outcomes.