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Research Article
Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.
Erratum Notice
Important: There has been an erratum issued for this article. View Erratum Notice
Retraction Notice
The article Assisted Selection of Biomarkers by Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) in Microbiome Data (10.3791/61715) has been retracted by the journal upon the authors' request due to a conflict regarding the data and methodology. View Retraction Notice
我们证明我们的方法来寻找潜在发育调控基因的增强子元件和评估它们的功能,通过镶嵌的斑马鱼转基因。
人类基因组序列的完成,以及其他许多物种,突出了把特定功能的非编码序列的挑战。由非编码的基因组的一部分进行的一个突出功能是调节基因的转录;但是,有没有有效的方法来大致预测的主要DNA序列的顺式调控元件。我们已经开发出一种高效的协议功能评估潜在的顺式调控,通过斑马鱼转基因的元素。我们的方法提供了发育的重要基因的细胞培养为基础的技术,显着的优势,因为它提供信息的空间和时间的基因调控。相反,它是更快和更昂贵的比类似的实验,在转基因小鼠,我们经常将其应用到人类基因组序列。在这里,我们证明我们的方法来测试序列克隆序列的养护和我们的协议的基础上,显微注射到斑马鱼的胚胎中选择元素。
1。选型和测试的保守序列的克隆

2。斑马鱼的胚胎显微注射马赛克转基因分析
| 组件 | |
| 转座子质粒股票(125ng/μl) | 加入1μl |
| 转座子RNA股票(175ng/μl) | 加入1μl |
| 酚红股(H 2 O 2%) | 0.5μL |
| 核糖核酸酶自由水 | 2.5μl |
3。马赛克表达模式分析
4。结果
我们看到一个宽Variety模式和表达水平,取决于被分析的增强子元件。我们通常是在非常的组织特异性表达模式感兴趣,而且往往集中在骨架基因表达。往往集中在骨架基因表达。图2显示了马赛克表达模式与调节软骨和骨中的表达增强剂的例子,我们观察到,在我们注射的胚胎。最后,测试序列的很大一部分不规范组织的具体体现。对于这些,我们最常看到的非常小的荧光,也许数每胚胎细胞散。减的时候,我们可能会看到荧光,但只有在两种常见的部位为异位表达,表皮和骨骼肌肉(图3)。 
图2。在注射胚胎中观察到的软骨和骨的表达模式的例子。 
图3。有增强基因表达调控的相对位置之间的关联度不大。一个测试序列的很大一部分不规范的组织特异性表达。这些通常只有很少的荧光,或可能有两个常见的部位为异位表达:表皮和骨骼肌。 (上)明视图像( 下 )GFP的荧光图像。
We have demonstrated the approach used in our laboratory for the efficient analysis of potential enhancers using zebrafish transgenesis. Most often, we use this approach to look for tissue-specific enhancers associated with human genes. Despite the lack of obvious sequence homology most of the time between human and fish non-coding sequences, we find that this approach is usually successful in identifying enhancers for the genes of interest to us. The critical factors for success are taking care in the preparation of the plasmid DNA and the transposase RNA, and injecting and examining a sufficient number of embryos for each construct. The general methods of transgene construction, embryo microinjections, and mosaic expression analysis would be applicable to generating transgenic zebrafish lines for many other purposes.
我们感谢女士出色的鱼牧保罗伊,史蒂夫Ekker pDB600质粒礼物。这些研究是由来自NHGRI批到SF。
| Takara LA Taq | Takara Bio Inc | RR02M | |
| pCR8/GW/TOPO TA 克隆试剂盒 | Invitrogen | K2500-20 | |
| Gateway LR Clonase II 酶混合物 | Invitrogen | 11791-100 | |
| 文库效率感受态细胞 DH5α | Invitrogen | 12535-019 | |
| 文库效率感受态细胞 DB3.1 | Invitrogen | 11782-018 | |
| mMESSAGE mMACHINE 试剂盒 | Ambion | AM1340 | |
| HiSpeed 质粒中型试剂盒 | Qiagen | 12643 | |
| QIAquick PCR 纯化试剂盒 | Qiagen | 28104 | |
| 火焰/棕色微量移液器拉拔器 | Sutter 仪器公司 | P-97 | |
| 气动 PicoPump | 世界精密仪器公司 | SYS-PV820 |