Binocular Eye Tracking
Binocular Eye Tracking - Related Videos
06:19
Eye Tracking in Cognitive Experiments
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2023
Eye tracking as the name suggests involves tracking of eye-movements. It is a non-invasive, sensitive tool that quantifies and measures eye-movements to describe an individuals' cognitive state. An eye-movement between two fixation points is called a saccade, which is one of the fastest motor movements in our body. By observing the profiles of these eye movements, scientists can better understand neural deficits in patients with cognitive impairments. In this video, we will first look at an...
06:15
Binocular Rivalry
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Jonathan Flombaum—Johns Hopkins University Why do people have two forward-facing eyes? By presenting the brain with two ever so slightly different images it becomes possible to comprehend visual problems that are far more difficult to process through a single eye. Chief among these is the problem of 3-D perception, seeing the world in three dimensions, despite retinal inputs in only two dimensions. What happens if each eye receives two completely different images? That...
14:34
How to Create and Use Binocular Rivalry
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Cited by 72 •
2010
Binocular rivalry occurs when the eyes are presented with different images at the same location: one image dominates while the other is suppressed, and dominance alternates periodically. Rivalry is useful for investigating perceptual selection and visual awareness. Here we describe several easy methods for creating and using binocular rivalry stimuli.
09:03
Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
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Cited by 93 •
2012
Eye tracking has long been used to study gaze patterns in typically-developing individuals, but recent technological advancements have made its use with clinical populations, including autism, more feasible. While eye-tracking young children with autism can offer insight into early symptom manifestations, it involves methodological challenges. Suggestions for best practices are provided.
07:45
Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
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Cited by 1 •
2020
Presented here is a protocol for assessing binocular eye movements and gaze-controlled central visual field screening in participants with central vision loss.
FAQs
Infrared cameras record the pupil and the reflection from the cornea in each eye. Software analyzes these signals to estimate gaze direction and identify events such as fixations, when gaze remains relatively stable, and saccades, which are shifts between locations. This signal-to-measurement process allows behavioral researchers to relate visual sampling to ongoing actions or responses.
Vergence describes the inward or outward rotation of the eyes relative to each other. Measuring it alongside gaze direction provides information about how the eyes coordinate when processing depth-related visual information. In behavioral studies, this makes binocular recordings useful for examining not only where someone looks, but also how coordinated eye movements contribute to depth perception.
Simultaneous measurement of both eyes reveals coordination that a single-eye record cannot represent directly. Researchers can examine whether the eyes move together and assess inward or outward rotation during visual behavior. This is especially relevant when studying depth-related processing, visual development, or behavioral changes in which coordinated eye movement may provide informative evidence.
A typical setup uses infrared cameras aimed at both eyes, followed by software that processes pupil and corneal-reflection signals. The resulting data can be expressed as gaze direction, fixation periods, saccades, and vergence. Researchers can then relate these measures to a participant’s behavior, such as scene inspection, reading, navigation, or responses to social and emotional cues.
The method can show how people distribute visual attention across scenes, written material, environments, and socially or emotionally meaningful cues. Fixations and saccades indicate patterns of visual inspection, while gaze direction helps identify the locations receiving attention. These measures allow behavioral research to connect eye movement patterns with reading, navigation, scene viewing, and social perception.
Because the method captures coordinated movements from both eyes, it can be used to study visual development and depth-related processing. It may also reveal changes associated with neurological or clinical conditions. In these contexts, researchers examine patterns in gaze, fixations, saccades, and vergence to characterize how visual behavior or eye coordination differs across conditions or stages.