Fluorescent Donors
Fluorescent Donors - Related Videos
07:17
Single Port Donor Nephrectomy
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Cited by 5 •
2011
Single port laparoscopic surgery is changing the standard of care in surgical care like nothing since the laparoscopic technique was introduced 20 years ago. We present out technique of single port donor nephrectomy using the Gelpoint device. We have successfully performed this surgery in 100 patients.
12:13
Ex Situ Normothermic Machine Perfusion of Donor Livers
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Cited by 21 •
2015
Here we present a protocol describing oxygenated ex situ machine perfusion of donor liver grafts. This article contains a step by step protocol to procure and prepare the liver graft for machine perfusion, prepare the perfusion fluid, prime the perfusion machine and perform oxygenated normothermic machine perfusion of the liver graft.
08:37
Corneal Donor Tissue Preparation for Endothelial Keratoplasty
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Cited by 31 •
2012
Endothelial corneal transplantation is a surgical technique for treatment of posterior corneal diseases. Mechanical microkeratome dissection to prepare tissue results in thinner, more symmetric grafts with less endothelial cell loss and improved outcomes. Dissections can be performed at the eye bank prior to corneal transplantation surgery.
12:52
Conjugation: A Method to Transfer Ampicillin Resistance from Donor to Recipient E. coli
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2023
Source: Alexander S. Gold1, Tonya M. Colpitts1 1 Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, National Emerging Infections Diseases Laboratories, Boston, MA First discovered by Lederberg and Tatum in 1946, conjugation is a form of horizontal gene transfer between bacteria that relies on direct physical contact between two bacterial cells (1). Unlike other forms of gene transfer, such as transformation or transduction, conjugation is a naturally occurring process in which...
10:22
Enrichment of Bruch's Membrane from Human Donor Eyes
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Cited by 14 •
2015
Identifying proteins specifically associated with Bruch’s membrane in human eyes is an important step in understanding the biochemical mechanisms behind eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration. This protocol describes how to enrich this sheet of extracellular matrix for down-stream biochemical analysis.
FAQs
Illumination at an appropriate wavelength places the donor in an excited state, creating the condition for energy transfer to a nearby acceptor. The resulting donor signal is therefore not interpreted only as evidence that the molecule is present. Changes in donor fluorescence can also report whether an acceptor is positioned close enough for FRET, linking excitation to molecular proximity measurements.
The approximately 1–10 nanometer range makes FRET sensitive to molecular-scale spacing rather than general colocalization. Donor-to-acceptor transfer occurs only when the two labels are sufficiently close, so changes in fluorescence can indicate altered proximity or molecular arrangement. This distance dependence allows biological measurements to resolve interactions and conformational changes that occur at a very small spatial scale.
A reduction in donor fluorescence can indicate that excitation energy is being transferred to a nearby acceptor rather than being emitted by the donor. Researchers interpret this change together with an increase or alteration in acceptor emission, when present. Considering both signals helps connect the donor response to energy transfer and to the proximity of the labeled molecular components.
Fluorescent donors provide more than a visible tag because their emission can change when an acceptor is nearby. That added, distance-dependent response supplies information about molecular proximity, interactions, or structural changes. Conventional labeling alone may not reveal these dynamic relationships, whereas donor-based FRET measurements can turn changes in fluorescence into a readout of biological organization.
A basic measurement begins by illuminating the donor at an appropriate wavelength and then examining the resulting donor and acceptor fluorescence. Researchers look for a reduction in donor emission accompanied by increased or altered acceptor emission. Interpreting these changes in relation to the approximately 1–10 nanometer transfer range provides evidence about the proximity of the labeled components.
In FRET biosensors, fluorescent donors contribute a measurable signal that changes according to the relationship between donor and acceptor components. Monitoring donor fluorescence together with acceptor emission can reveal molecular proximity or a conformational change within the sensor. This makes the system useful for tracking biological states and signaling-related dynamics that are not captured by a static label alone.
Donor-based FRET measurements can investigate protein interactions, changes in molecular proximity, and conformational changes. They can also support studies of cellular signaling, where relationships among labeled components change over time. Because the fluorescence response reflects nanoscale donor-to-acceptor spacing, the method helps connect an optical signal with dynamic molecular events in biological systems.
Fluorescent donors extend microscopy from locating labeled molecules to examining their nanoscale relationships and changing states. Within FRET-based imaging, donor and acceptor emission patterns can support quantitative studies of molecular proximity, protein interactions, and cellular signaling. This capability is especially valuable for dynamic processes that are difficult to observe using conventional labeling alone.