Vessel Mechanobiology
Vessel Mechanobiology - Related Videos
09:12
In Vitro Model of Fetal Human Vessel On-chip to Study Developmental Mechanobiology
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Cited by 3 •
2023
Described here is a simple workflow to differentiate endothelial cells from human pluripotent stem cells followed by a detailed protocol for their mechanical stimulation. This allows for the study of the developmental mechanobiology of endothelial cells. This approach is compatible with downstream assays of live cells collected from the culture chip after mechanical stimulation.
16:46
A Novel Stretching Platform for Applications in Cell and Tissue Mechanobiology
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Cited by 6 •
2014
We present in this article a novel stretching platform that can be used to investigate single cell responses to complex anisotropic biaxial mechanical deformation and quantify the mechanical properties of biological tissues.
13:10
Stability of Floating Vessels
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2023
Source: Alexander S Rattner and Kevin Rao Li Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA The objective of this experiment is to demonstrate the phenomenon of stability of floating vessels - the ability to self-right when rolled over to the side by some external force. Careful design of hull shapes and internal mass distribution enables seagoing vessels to be stable with low drafts (submerged depth of hull), improving vessel...
05:56
Operation of High-pressure Reactor Vessels
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2023
Robert M Rioux, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA The use of gases in a synthetic chemistry laboratory is essential for carrying out a variety of highly facile and atom economical transformations. Reactions such as hydrogenation, oxidation, and amination require the use of gases like hydrogen, oxygen, and ammonia. Due to the poor solubility of these gases in typical reactant solutions, high pressures are necessary to achieve a meaningful reaction rate. Not only are these gases...
07:32
Purification of Mouse Brain Vessels
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Cited by 90 •
2015
We describe a protocol allowing the purification of the mouse brain's vascular compartment. Isolated brain vessels include endothelial cells linked by tight junctions and surrounded by a continuous basal lamina, pericytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, as well as perivascular astroglial membranes.
FAQs
Flowing blood exposes endothelial cells to shear stress, a frictional force generated along the vessel wall. Cells detect this mechanical cue through mechanosensitive receptors and modify intracellular signaling, gene expression, migration, and remodeling. These responses help developing vessels adjust their organization and behavior as blood flow changes, linking circulation directly to the formation and stabilization of vascular networks.
Shear stress acts along the endothelial surface, whereas pressure and tissue forces generate stretch and tension within the vessel and its surrounding environment. These distinct mechanical inputs can trigger different cellular responses, including changes in signaling, gene expression, migration, and remodeling. Considering all of them is important because vascular development occurs within a mechanically changing tissue rather than under a single force.
Mechanosensitive receptors allow vascular cells to convert physical cues into biological signals. When cells experience flow-related shear stress, pressure, stretch, or tissue tension, these receptors help initiate signaling changes that influence gene expression and cellular behavior. Their activity provides a mechanistic connection between the mechanical environment and developmental processes such as vessel migration, remodeling, and stabilization.
Developing vascular networks encounter changing flow, pressure, and tissue forces rather than fixed conditions. Cellular responses to these cues can alter migration, gene expression, and remodeling, allowing vessels to reorganize and stabilize as their environment changes. This adaptive behavior helps explain how vascular structures respond during development and why disrupted mechanical signaling may contribute to abnormal vessel formation.
Investigations can relate physical conditions such as blood-flow shear stress, pressure, stretch, and tissue tension to changes in endothelial signaling, gene expression, migration, and vessel remodeling. This approach combines biomechanical analysis with developmental biology to examine how vascular networks form and stabilize. The resulting relationships help researchers interpret development as an interaction between mechanical forces and cellular programs.
Mechanical signaling provides a framework for examining how abnormal responses to flow, pressure, stretch, or tissue forces could affect vascular formation and stabilization. By connecting these cues with endothelial behavior and remodeling, researchers can investigate developmental origins of congenital vascular defects. This perspective may also identify processes that could be guided or corrected in future vascular research.
Knowledge of how vessels respond to mechanical cues can support tissue-engineering strategies designed to encourage appropriate blood-vessel growth and organization. The same principles inform therapies intended to restore or guide vascular development or remodeling. Rather than focusing only on molecular signals, these applications consider how physical forces influence whether vascular structures form, adapt, and become stable.