Pulmonary Vascular Abnormalities
Pulmonary Vascular Abnormalities - Related Videos
09:23
Shunt Surgery, Right Heart Catheterization, and Vascular Morphometry in a Rat Model for Flow-induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
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Cited by 15 •
2017
This protocol describes a surgical procedure to create a model for flow-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in rats and the procedures to analyze the principle hemodynamic and histological end-points in this model.
10:51
Cardiac Exam III: Abnormal Heart Sounds
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2023
Source: Suneel Dhand, MD, Attending Physician, Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Having a fundamental understanding of normal heart sounds is the first step toward distinguishing the normal from the abnormal. Murmurs are sounds that represent turbulent and abnormal blood flow across a heart valve. They are caused either by stenosis (valve area too narrow) or regurgitation (backflow of blood across the valve) and are commonly heard as a "swishing" sound during auscultation.
02:23
Abnormal Proliferation
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2021
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
06:59
Catheter-based Endovascular Angioplasty for Fibrosing Mediastinitis-associated Pulmonary Vein Stenosis
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2025
Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is a life-threatening complication of fibrosing mediastinitis (FM), with a poor prognosis if not properly treated. Currently, catheter-based endovascular angioplasty is a promising therapeutic strategy for FM-associated PVS. This protocol primarily outlines a stepwise approach to the transcatheter procedure for FM-associated PVS.
09:22
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet
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Cited by 24 •
2015
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) and Right Ventricular (RV) dysfunction were induced in piglets by progressive obstruction of the pulmonary arteries. Consequences were remarkably similar to those observed in CTEPH patients. This animal model would be a very useful tool for pathophysiology and therapeutic experiments on CTEPH and RV failure.
FAQs
The consequences depend on which pulmonary vessels are affected and how extensively blood flow changes. A developmental abnormality may alter vessel structure, whereas narrowing or obstruction can impede circulation. These differences help explain why patients may show varied respiratory or cardiovascular findings rather than a single uniform pattern.
An increase in pulmonary vascular resistance makes it more difficult for blood to pass through the lung circulation. The resulting change in flow can increase the workload placed on the heart, while also influencing oxygen exchange. In clinical assessment, this mechanism connects vascular findings with cardiovascular consequences.
An atypical connection between pulmonary and systemic circulation can redirect blood along an abnormal pathway. That altered distribution may change the relationship between blood flow and oxygen exchange and can contribute to cardiac strain. Recognizing the connection as a distinct mechanism helps clinicians interpret findings according to the underlying vascular arrangement.
Evaluation is guided by the suspected vessel abnormality and by the respiratory or cardiovascular findings it produces. Clinicians use the clinical presentation to select appropriate diagnostic evaluations, seeking to characterize altered circulation and its effects. This targeted approach supports recognition of the vascular problem without assuming that every case has the same cause or severity.
They become relevant when respiratory or cardiovascular findings suggest that pulmonary circulation may be disturbed. Considering them can help clinicians interpret those findings, relate them to altered blood flow, and plan management. The clinical significance depends on the vessels involved and the extent of the abnormality, so presentation and vascular effects must be considered together.
They provide a framework for studying several related problems, including pulmonary hypertension, vascular remodeling, congenital lesions, and targeted therapies. Researchers can examine how altered vessel structure or function changes pulmonary circulation and how interventions might address those changes. This makes the topic useful for linking disease mechanisms with therapeutic development.