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Environment
从土壤中去除颗粒有机物的静电方法
从土壤中去除颗粒有机物的静电方法
JoVE Journal
Environment
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JoVE Journal Environment
Electrostatic Method to Remove Particulate Organic Matter from Soil

从土壤中去除颗粒有机物的静电方法

Full Text
5,055 Views
04:40 min
February 10, 2021

DOI: 10.3791/61915-v

Stewart B Wuest1, Catherine L Reardon1

1USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Soil and Water Conservation Research Unit

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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

从土壤样本中去除最近沉积和不完全分解的植物材料,可减少临时季节性输入对土壤有机碳测量的影响。吸引静电表面可以用来快速去除大量的颗粒有机物。

静电吸引是减少土壤样本中颗粒有机物的有效方法。这种方法的主要优点是,需要最小的视觉判断,并适用于眼睛看不到的细颗粒。去除未分解的有机碎片可提高测量长期土壤碳储存的准确性和一致性。

收集到所需的深度土壤样本后,在 40 摄氏度下彻底干燥。通过适当的侧面土壤筛筛筛选土壤,获得约10至25克筛土。将土壤放入干净的干金属或玻璃平底平底平底锅中,其大到足以使土壤变薄。

轻轻水平摇动疼痛,将土壤尽可能薄地分布在一层薄的土壤中。一手拿着直径为100毫米的玻璃杯或聚苯乙烯培养皿顶部或底部,用一块干净的尼龙布、棉布或聚苯乙烯泡沫大力擦擦外表面数次。执行表面充电远离样品。

完成后,检查培养皿的表面,以确保其清洁。将带电表面降低到土壤上方 0.5 到 2 厘米以内,然后水平移动,以拾取尽可能多的颗粒物。对表面的吸引力可以从视觉和声音上注意到。

当培养皿不再吸引额外的颗粒时,将菜从样品中移开。要清洁静电表面,请将其托在收集盘上,并使用细刷将静电吸引的材料从培养皿表面转移到收集盘中。重复此过程,直到拾取的有机物颗粒数量减少。

通过水平摇动土壤平底锅重新分配土壤样本,以暴露表面的新材料,并继续静电收集。通过对带电表面的目视检查确定终点,以确定是否从土壤中去除了大量有机颗粒物。该议定书用于分析太平洋西北地区农业用地的淤泥土壤。

大约1%至6%的土壤质量被清除。在所有情况下,去除的碳样本总量比例都大于去除的土壤质量。静电去除土壤分数的碳浓度和碳氮比始终大于剩余土壤。

环境条件和用于生产带电表面的材料组合影响了结果。通过从同一土壤样本中收集一系列三个静电样品来检查处理端点的影响。第一次处理收集的碳量最大。

与剩余土壤相比,以下两种处理方法仍然富含碳。最后,在5个淤泥借用土壤上测试了通过53微米屏幕的细淤泥大小的颗粒材料的静电清除量。静电去除的分数显示颗粒有机物的富集很少。

微观检查表明,颗粒有机物确实存在于土壤的细质土壤中,但数量很少。C 与 N 的比例趋于稳定,因为完全分解的有机物被去除。这可能导致更好的长期土壤有机物模型。

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