Antibody Secretion
Antibody Secretion - Related Videos
04:20
Functional Assessment of Antibody-Secreting B Cells Using ELISpot Assay
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2025
This video demonstrates the use of the ELISpot assay to assess the function of antibody-secreting B cells, ASCs. The antibodies secreted by the ASCs interact with the membrane-bound polyclonal antibody fragments, which are detected by the enzyme-conjugated IgG or IgM antibodies. The colored spot produced in each well indicates the presence of the specific antibody's isotype, which correlates with the B cells' secretory activity.
08:26
The Isolation, Differentiation, and Quantification of Human Antibody-secreting B Cells from Blood: ELISpot as a Functional Readout of Humoral Immunity
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Cited by 10 •
2016
Human peripheral blood is commonly used for the assessment of the humoral immune response. Here, the methods for isolating human B cells from peripheral blood, differentiating human B cells into antibody (Ab)-secreting B cells (ASCs) in culture, and enumerating the total IgM- and IgG-ASCs via an ELISpot assay are described.
01:10
Antibody Structure
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2019
Overview Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding. The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
13:21
Antibody Generation: Producing Monoclonal Antibodies Using Hybridomas
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2023
Source: Frances V. Sjaastad1,2, Whitney Swanson2,3, and Thomas S. Griffith1,2,3,4 1 Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 2 Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 3 Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 4 Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 Polyclonal antibodies are defined as a collection of antibodies directed against...
11:53
ELISPOT Assay: Detection of IFN-γ Secreting Splenocytes
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2023
Source: Tonya J. Webb1 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine and the Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201 ELISPOT is a standardized, reproducible assay used to detect cellular immune responses. The assay utilizes an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)- based method to detect single-cell immune responses which can be visualized by spots, hence the name ELISPOT. ELISPOT was first described in...
FAQs
These organelles form the intracellular processing and transport route for antibody proteins. The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus support their assembly and processing before vesicles carry them toward the cell surface. Vesicular exocytosis then releases the proteins outside the cell, where they can encounter foreign molecules. This pathway links intracellular protein handling to effective antibody availability.
Antigen stimulation provides the trigger for B-cell differentiation and antibody production. Activated B lymphocytes, especially plasma cells, then produce antibody proteins that enter the secretory pathway for assembly, processing, and release. Thus, the cellular response connects recognition of a foreign molecule with the generation of an extracellular immunoglobulin response, rather than leaving antibody production as a general resting-cell function.
Once released, antibodies can act in more than one way. Their binding to pathogens or toxins may block the activity of those targets, while their presence can also recruit other immune defenses. These complementary outcomes explain why secretion matters at the organismal level: the products both directly interfere with harmful foreign molecules and help engage broader protective responses.
Laboratory measurements of antibody secretion provide an experimental readout of how B-cell antibody production relates to humoral immunity. Such measurements can be applied in infectious disease research, where antibody responses are relevant, and in studies of therapeutic antibody development. They also support diagnostic testing, making secretion analysis useful across both basic biology and biomedical investigation.
Examining antibody secretion helps researchers understand vaccine responses by connecting antigen stimulation, B-cell differentiation, and release of immunoglobulins. The same cellular sequence provides a biological context for interpreting how immune activation leads to antibodies capable of binding foreign molecules. This makes secretion an important subject in biology whenever vaccine-induced humoral immunity is being investigated.
Studying antibody secretion can clarify how normal humoral immunity operates and provide context for immune disorders. It also informs therapeutic antibody development, where antibody production is a relevant biological focus. Together, these applications make the process useful for linking cellular events in B lymphocytes with disease-related questions and efforts to develop antibody-based biomedical tools.