In Vitro Experiments
In Vitro Experiments - Related Videos
06:08
Use of a Linear Accelerator for Conducting In Vitro Radiobiology Experiments
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Cited by 7 •
2019
Clinical linear accelerators can be used to determine biologic effects of a wide range of dose rates on cancer cells. We discuss how to set up a linear accelerator for cell-based assays and assays for cancer stem-like cells grown as tumorspheres in suspension and cell lines grown as adherent cultures.
06:16
Preparation Of Gushukang (GSK) Granules for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments
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Cited by 4 •
2019
This article provides a detailed protocol for preparing a working solution of Gushukang granules for animal studies and GSK granule containing serum for in vitro experiments. This protocol can be applied to pharmacological investigations of herbal medicines as well as prescriptions for both in vivo and in vitro experiments.
08:07
Preparation of Herbal Medicine: Er-Xian Decoction and Er-Xian-containing Serum for In Vivo and In Vitro Experiments
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Cited by 6 •
2017
Here, we present the preparation of an er-xian decoction (EXD) in four steps—soaking, decoction, filtration, and concentration—and demonstrate the administration of a prepared EXD-containing serum to rats. These methods are applicable to the in vivo and in vitro study of herbal decoctions such as traditional Chinese medicines.
08:25
Advanced 3D Liver Models for In vitro Genotoxicity Testing Following Long-Term Nanomaterial Exposure
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Cited by 21 •
2020
This procedure was established to be used for developing advanced 3D hepatic cultures in vitro, which can provide a more physiologically relevant assessment of the genotoxic hazards associated with nanomaterial exposures over both an acute or long-term, repeated dose regimes.
06:58
The Factorial Experiment
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2023
Source: Laboratories of Gary Lewandowski, Dave Strohmetz, and Natalie Ciarocco—Monmouth University A factorial design is a common type of experiment where there are two or more independent variables. This video demonstrates a 2 x 2 factorial design used to explore how self-awareness and self-esteem may influence the ability to decipher nonverbal signals. This video leads students through the basics of a factorial design including, the nature of a factorial design and what distinguishes it from...
FAQs
Researchers manipulate defined conditions such as drug concentration, exposure time, or the cellular environment while keeping other aspects controlled. This design enables precise comparisons between conditions and helps associate observed biochemical, molecular, or imaging-based responses with the variable being tested. Careful control is especially important when evaluating therapeutic candidates or investigating disease-related cellular behavior.
These assays provide the measurements used to evaluate how isolated cells, tissues, biological fluids, or microorganisms respond to experimental conditions. Biochemical assays assess measurable biological changes, molecular assays examine molecular responses, and imaging-based assays reveal visual or cellular changes. Together, they generate evidence about mechanisms, treatment effects, toxicity, or diagnostic performance.
A laboratory model isolates selected biological components and operates under controlled conditions, whereas patients have complex, interacting biological systems. Consequently, a response observed in cells, tissues, fluids, or microorganisms may not fully represent what occurs in a living person. Researchers must therefore interpret findings within the model’s biological limitations before considering clinical relevance.
A typical workflow begins by selecting an isolated biological material and establishing controlled laboratory conditions. Researchers then manipulate defined variables, such as concentration, exposure time, or the surrounding cellular environment, and measure the resulting response with biochemical, molecular, or imaging-based assays. The findings are compared across conditions and interpreted in light of the model’s limitations.
Clinical researchers use these studies to clarify disease mechanisms, evaluate therapeutic candidates, assess toxicity, and develop diagnostic tests. Because the conditions can be controlled and multiple experimental conditions can be compared efficiently, the approach helps generate evidence before research proceeds to humans. It therefore supports early translational decisions while reducing reliance on immediate human testing.
They provide an intermediate source of evidence by showing how selected biological systems respond to defined experimental conditions. Findings can help researchers judge whether a therapeutic candidate warrants further investigation, identify toxicity concerns, or refine diagnostic approaches before studies proceed to humans. Their contribution is informative rather than definitive because model-specific limitations affect clinical interpretation.