Sinus Examination
Sinus Examination - Related Videos
08:46
Nose, Sinuses, Oral Cavity and Pharynx Exam
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2023
Source: Richard Glickman-Simon, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, MA This video provides an overview of sinus, nose, and throat examinations. The demonstration begins with a brief overview of the anatomy of the region. The upper third of the nose is bony, and the bottom two-thirds are cartilaginous. Air entering the nares passes through the nasal vestibules and into the narrow passageway between the nasal septum...
06:43
Quantitative Analysis and Characterization of Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Murine Aortic Sinus
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Cited by 51 •
2013
We describe procedures to quantify and characterize atherosclerotic lesions in mouse models using precision sectioning of the aortic sinus and ascending aorta combined with histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis.
07:34
Establishment of a Modified Ferric Chloride-Induced Superior Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis
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2025
This study presents a protocol for establishing a reproducible, minimally invasive rat model of superior sagittal sinus thrombosis induced by ferric chloride, utilizing a silk-suture method in combination with laser speckle contrast imaging and high-resolution ultrasound for evaluation.
08:44
Formation of Human Prostate Epithelium Using Tissue Recombination of Rodent Urogenital Sinus Mesenchyme and Human Stem Cells
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Cited by 10 •
2013
To unravel the earliest molecular mechanisms underlying prostate cancer initiation, novel and innovative human model systems and approaches are desperately needed. The potential of pre-prostatic urogenital sinus mesenchyme (UGSM) to induce pluripotent stem cell populations to form human prostate epithelium is a powerful experimental tool in prostate research.
07:44
Ophthalmoscopic Examination
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2023
Source: Richard Glickman-Simon, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, MA The simplest ophthalmoscopes consist of an aperture to look through, a diopter indicator, and a disc for selecting lenses. The ophthalmoscope is primarily used to examine the fundus, or the inner wall of the posterior eye, which consists of the choroid, retina, fovea, macula, optic disc, and retinal vessels (Figure 1). The spherical eyeball...
FAQs
Tenderness or swelling in the frontal and maxillary regions provides localized information about the areas surrounding the paranasal sinuses. Clinicians interpret these findings alongside nasal airflow, discharge, facial inspection, and other examination results rather than in isolation. This combined assessment helps determine whether symptoms are consistent with localized sinonasal disease or may reflect another source of facial discomfort.
Nasal airflow assessment adds functional information to the visual and palpation findings obtained during a sinus examination. Reduced or altered airflow can be considered together with obstruction, swelling, and nasal discharge to identify patterns associated with sinonasal disorders. The result helps clinicians decide whether further evaluation, such as nasal endoscopy or imaging, is appropriate for clarifying the cause.
Nasal endoscopy is added when direct visualization of the nasal passages and sinus openings would provide information that external inspection cannot. It allows clinicians to examine these internal structures more closely in the context of symptoms and other findings. This can support assessment of suspected obstruction or sinonasal disease and help guide subsequent clinical decisions.
A structured examination begins with inspection of the nose and face, followed by assessment of nasal airflow and observation for swelling or discharge. The clinician then palpates and percusses the frontal and maxillary sinus regions to evaluate localized findings. When indicated, nasal endoscopy extends the assessment by directly viewing the nasal passages and sinus openings.
Imaging or additional evaluation may be considered when the examination does not fully clarify the cause of symptoms or when findings suggest a need for more detailed assessment. The clinician uses facial and nasal inspection, sinus palpation and percussion, airflow findings, discharge, and, when indicated, endoscopic observations to guide that decision rather than relying on one sign alone.
During follow-up, clinicians can repeat relevant examination components to compare current findings with the patient’s earlier presentation. Changes in tenderness, swelling, nasal airflow, discharge, or endoscopic appearance may help assess symptoms and response to care. This repeated assessment supports decisions about whether the existing management remains appropriate or whether further evaluation is needed.