Genomic Serotyping
Genomic Serotyping - Related Videos
09:11
Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae by Latex Agglutination
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Cited by 32 •
2014
Latex agglutination testing is a simple, rapid and inexpensive method for serotyping Streptococcus pneumoniae, and has also been widely applied in diagnostic microbiology. This manuscript describes the in-house production of latex agglutination reagents, quality control procedures and the application of this technique to pneumococcal serotyping.
04:25
Capsular Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae Using the Quellung Reaction
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Cited by 86 •
2014
The Quellung reaction is the gold standard technique for serotyping Streptococcus pneumoniae. This technique utilizes a microscope and specific pneumococcal antisera and is commonly used in reference and research laboratories worldwide.
08:31
Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'
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Cited by 2 •
2013
Single Virus Genomics (SVG) is a method to isolate and amplify the genomes of single virons. Viral suspensions of a mixed assemblage are sorted using flow cytometry onto a microscope slide with discrete wells containing agarose, thereby capturing the virion and reducing genome shearing during downstream processing. Whole genome amplification is achieved using multiple displacement amplification (MDA) resulting in genomic material that is suitable for sequencing.
06:51
Systemic Delivery of MicroRNA Using Recombinant Adeno-associated Virus Serotype 9 to Treat Neuromuscular Diseases in Rodents
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Cited by 9 •
2018
Here we describe the delivery of microRNA using a recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9 in a mouse model of a neuromuscular disease. A single peripheral administration in mice resulted in sustained miRNA overexpression in muscle and motor neurons, providing an opportunity to study miRNA function and therapeutic potential in vivo.
02:02
Genomics
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2020
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
FAQs
The key analytical step is matching sequence variation in serotype-defining genes to curated reference sequences. Depending on the pathogen, analysis may use the whole genome or selected loci linked to capsule, lipopolysaccharide, or other surface-antigen structures. This gene-to-reference comparison provides the basis for distinguishing serotypes that share many other genomic features.
Surface-antigen genes matter because they encode structures that help distinguish pathogen variants in relation to immune recognition. Genomic serotyping therefore does more than assign a laboratory label: it can connect sequence differences with variation in antigenic features, pathogen diversity, and potentially disease risk. This supports studies of how genomic variation relates to host responses.
Compared with antibody-based serotyping, genomic serotyping relies on inherited sequence information rather than solely on observable antibody reactions. That distinction is valuable when closely related strains are difficult to separate phenotypically. It also links the assigned serotype directly to genes underlying relevant surface structures, supporting more detailed interpretation of strain relatedness and pathogen diversity.
Whole-genome sequencing can provide a broader genetic context, whereas selected-locus analysis focuses on genes associated with serotype-defining antigens. In both cases, classification depends on comparing the resulting sequence with curated reference sequences. The chosen genomic scope therefore determines whether analysis emphasizes a broad isolate profile or a focused evaluation of specific serotype-associated structures.
A basic workflow starts with a pathogen isolate, sequences either its whole genome or selected serotype-associated loci, and examines the resulting genetic data against curated references. The analysis then assigns a serotype based on genes associated with surface antigens such as capsule or lipopolysaccharide. This sequence-based workflow can classify bacterial and viral isolates for infection research.
In surveillance and outbreak investigation, genomic serotyping can help classify isolates consistently and track transmission among closely related strains. The resulting assignments support evaluation of pathogen diversity and provide a genetic framework for following infectious agents during an outbreak. These applications are especially useful when phenotypic distinctions are difficult to resolve or interpret.
For immunology and infection research, the approach can reveal whether genetically distinct isolates carry differences in genes for surface antigens, creating a framework for studying pathogen variation and immune recognition. Because serotype-defining structures include capsule and lipopolysaccharide, the method helps organize isolates according to features relevant to host-pathogen interactions and investigations of disease risk.