Solution Drawing
Solution Drawing - Related Videos
06:22
Motor Learning in Mirror Drawing
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Jonathan Flombaum—Johns Hopkins University Colloquially, the terms learning and memory encompass a broad range of behaviors and mental systems, everything from learning to tie a shoe to mastering calculus (and a lot in between). Experimental psychologists have divided up learning mechanisms into groups that seem to have different properties, and that seem to rely on different brain systems. A major division is between declarative and non-declarative memory, roughly, the...
11:57
Fabricating Metamaterials Using the Fiber Drawing Method
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Cited by 23 •
2012
Metamaterials at terahertz frequencies offer unique opportunities, but are challenging to fabricate in bulk. We adapt the fabrication procedure for microstructured polymer optical fibers to inexpensively fabricate metamaterials potentially on an industrial scale. We produce polymethylmethacrylate fibers containing ~10 μm diameter indium wires separated by ~100 μm, which exhibit a terahertz plasmonic response.
01:16
Drawing Free-body Diagrams: Rules
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2023
The first step in describing and analyzing most phenomena in physics involves the careful drawing of a free-body diagram. Free-body diagrams are useful in analyzing forces acting on an object or system, and are employed extensively in the study and application of Newton's laws of motion. The steps to draw a free-body diagram are listed below: • Draw the object under consideration. If treating the object as a particle, represent the object as a point. Place this point at the origin of a...
05:27
Drawing Blood from Rats through the Saphenous Vein and by Cardiac Puncture
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Cited by 87 •
2007
Blood draws are necessary in a large number of studies, for example to study the pharmacokinetics profile of a compound. Here, we demonstrate how to draw blood from rats using two techniques: blood draw from the saphenous vein or by cardiac puncture.
07:56
Drawing and Hydrophobicity-patterning Long Polydimethylsiloxane Silicone Filaments
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Cited by 3 •
2019
Here, we present a protocol to produce long filaments of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) silicone by gravity-drawing through a furnace. Filaments are on the order of hundreds of micrometers in diameter and tens of centimeters in length and are hydrophobically patternable via an Arduino-controlled corona discharge system.
FAQs
These mechanisms move a prepared liquid into a pipette, syringe, or microfluidic vessel without relying on uncontrolled handling. The operator selects the appropriate transfer force and controls movement to maintain the intended volume and chemical condition. Consistent control is especially important when small changes in delivered solution could alter neuronal measurements or cellular assay conditions.
Air bubbles can interfere with consistent solution transfer and delivery, making the experimental environment less stable. In electrophysiology, that instability can contribute to poorer signal quality or less reliable exposure to internal, extracellular, or perfusion solutions. Limiting bubbles during drawing therefore supports cleaner measurements and improves confidence that observed neuronal responses reflect the intended solution conditions.
Evaporation can change a solution's concentration, while contamination can alter its chemical conditions before delivery. Either problem may affect ionic gradients, membrane excitability, drug exposure, or other cellular assay outcomes. Careful solution drawing limits these sources of variation and helps preserve the prepared composition, allowing researchers to interpret differences between experiments with greater experimental control.
Internal, extracellular, and perfusion solutions serve different experimental roles, so their accurate delivery supports different aspects of measurement. Internal solution conditions can influence the recorded cell from within, whereas extracellular or perfusion solutions affect the surrounding environment and exposure conditions. Drawing each solution consistently helps maintain the ionic and chemical context required for the planned assay.
The operator should control the movement of the prepared liquid, the transferred volume, and the handling conditions that could introduce bubbles, contamination, evaporation, or concentration changes. Aspiration, pressure differences, or capillary action may provide the transfer mechanism. Maintaining a standardized approach helps keep repeated deliveries comparable and supports reproducible neuroscience experiments.
These devices provide different formats for receiving or handling prepared solutions during an experiment. A pipette, syringe, or microfluidic vessel can be selected according to the delivery arrangement and assay requirements described by the experimental design. Regardless of format, controlled transfer remains important because inconsistent volume or chemical conditions can affect downstream cellular measurements.
Standardization matters when experiments compare neuronal measurements across cells, trials, or conditions. Consistent drawing of internal, extracellular, or perfusion solutions helps reduce variation in ionic gradients, membrane excitability, drug exposure, and signal quality. This is particularly relevant to electrophysiology and related cellular assays, where solution-dependent changes can influence both the measured response and its interpretation.