Chapter 5

Acids and Bases

In 1923, the Brønsted–Lowry definition of acids and bases was proposed by Johannes Brønsted and Thomas Lowry. According to this…

This lesson delves into Lewis acids and bases in the context of the octet rule for electron-deficient compounds. Here, the concept is discussed,…

This lesson delves into a critical aspect of the relative strengths of acids and bases. The strength of an acid is evaluated by the acid dissociation…

In any solution, the value of pKa indicates whether an acid is completely dissociated or not. A negative pKa corresponds to a stronger acid, whereas…

An acid can be deprotonated to form a conjugate base or an anion. If the produced anion is more stable, then the acid is stronger. On the contrary,…

This lesson defines the leveling effect in acidic and basic solutions and its role in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions. It is essential to…

An understanding of the solvating effect helps rationalize the relation between solvation and acidity of the compound. In addition, this also…

The direct functionalization of C-H bonds is an important and long standing goal in organic chemistry. Such transformations can be very powerful in…

Lewis acid-activation of carbonyl-containing substrates is a fundamental basis for facilitating transformations in organic chemistry. Historically,…

This protocol presents the use of Lewis acidic multi-role reagents to circumvent kinetic trapping observed during the self-assembly of…