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Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research

Article DOI: 10.3791/52070-v • 08:42 min • October 22nd, 2014
October 22nd, 2014 •
1,2,3, 1,2,3, 1,2,3, 1,2,3
1Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 2Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, 3VipeRx Lab, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco

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Endothelial dysfunction is associated with numerous disease states and is predictive of adverse cardiovascular events in humans. Flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) is a non-invasive ultrasound method of evaluating endothelial function. Methodological choices and operator experience may affect results. A systematic approach to FMD in human studies is discussed here.

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Ultrasound Assessment Endothelial-dependent Flow-mediated Vasodilation Brachial Artery Clinical Research Vascular Endothelium Structural Role Functional Role Leukocyte Adhesion Aggregation Permeability Vessel Tone Endothelial Dysfunction Chemical Species Atherosclerosis Coronary Artery Disease Peripheral Artery Disease Heart Failure Hypertension Hyperlipidemia Acetylcholine Infusion Quantitative Coronary Angiography Muscarinic Receptors Intracellular Calcium Nitric Oxide Production Vasodilation Vasoconstriction Non-invasive Method Peripheral Arteries High-resolution B-mode Ultrasound
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