Anti Counterfeiting
Anti Counterfeiting - Related Videos
10:15
Isolation and Characterization of Neutrophils with Anti-Tumor Properties
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Cited by 46 •
2015
Neutrophils play an important role not only in host defense against invading microorganisms, but are also involved in the immune surveillance of tumor cells. Here, we describe techniques related to the isolation of neutrophils with anti-tumor properties and methods for monitoring anti-tumor neutrophil function in vitro and in vivo.
04:21
An Assay to Detect Serum Anti-aquaporin-4 Immunoglobulin G
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2025
The video demonstrates a cell-based assay for detecting anti-aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G using a biochip containing untransfected cells and transfected cells expressing aquaporin-4. This method has applications in diagnosing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, confirmed by strong green fluorescence on the biochip.
04:21
Generating Anti-Angiogenic Tumor-Associated Neutrophils
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2025
This video demonstrates an assay to generate anti-angiogenic tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs). Upon taking a murine melanoma tumor containing pro-angiogenic TANs, the single cells are isolated using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and treated with an inhibitor of nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) to reduce the capacity to stimulate angiogenesis.
13:01
Anti-Nuclear Antibody Screening Using HEp-2 Cells
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Cited by 34 •
2014
Indirect immunofluorescent (IIF) assays have traditionally been used for the detection of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in human serum. The presence of these antibodies can aid in the diagnosis of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD). This protocol demonstrates how to effectively perform the IIF technique to accurately detect these autoantibodies.
09:25
Anti-RDL and Anti-mGlutR1 Receptors Antibody Testing in Honeybee Brain Sections using CRISPR-Cas9
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Cited by 4 •
2020
Presented here is a protocol to use the CRISPR-Cas9 system for reducing the production of a protein in the adult honeybee brain to test antibody specificity.
FAQs
Molecular markers give an item a chemically distinctive feature that can be tested rather than judged only by appearance. Their identity may be revealed through fluorescence, a spectroscopic signal, or another measurable response under defined conditions. Because authentication depends on the marker’s chemical behavior, an imitation must reproduce both the visible or measurable effect and the associated composition.
Security inks and taggants introduce detectable chemical features into products, documents, currency, or materials, while the underlying material composition can provide an additional identity signal. These components may respond to ultraviolet light, chemical reactivity testing, or instrumental analysis. Combining such features creates more than one basis for verification and helps distinguish genuine items from imitations.
These methods examine authenticity through different kinds of chemical evidence. Chromatography helps analyze the components of a sample, spectroscopy evaluates characteristic signals, and chemical reactivity testing observes how the material responds under selected conditions. Using the appropriate method allows analysts to compare an item’s measurable chemical features with the expected properties of a genuine product or material.
A chemical authentication procedure compares measurable features of the questioned item with the expected features of an authentic reference. Analysts may examine fluorescence under ultraviolet light, a characteristic spectroscopic signal, chemical reactivity, or composition using chromatography. The result is an evidence-based distinction between matching and nonmatching chemical properties, rather than a decision based solely on visual inspection.
Chemical anti-counterfeiting supports several settings named in the source material. Pharmaceutical applications can help address product safety, while brand-protection systems help identify unauthorized replicas. Supply-chain traceability connects physical products with verifiable identities, and forensic investigations can use chemical features to examine questioned materials. In each case, analytical results provide evidence about whether an item corresponds to its claimed identity.
Measurable responses provide a way to link a physical item with an identity that can be checked independently. For pharmaceuticals, this supports distinguishing genuine products from imitations. In supply chains, chemical markers or compositions can help verify that an item remains associated with the expected source or product identity, strengthening traceability beyond packaging or appearance alone.