Polybrene Protamine
Polybrene Protamine - Related Videos
08:42
Dextran Enhances the Lentiviral Transduction Efficiency of Murine and Human Primary NK Cells
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Cited by 14 •
2018
The goal of this study was to formulate technologies that allow for successful gene transduction in primary natural killer (NK) cells. The dextran-mediated lentiviral transduction of human or mouse primary NK cells results in higher gene expression efficiencies. This method of gene transduction will vastly improve NK cell genetic manipulation.
04:21
Enhancing Viral Transduction in Natural Killer Cells Using a Cationic Polymer
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2025
This video demonstrates an assay for cationic polymer-mediated viral transduction in natural killer (NK) cells. The cells are incubated with transgenic lentivirus vectors encoding a fluorescent protein. The addition of a cationic polymer enables the virus to attach to the cells and integrate its RNA into the host genome, expressing the fluorescent protein. The fluorescence is quantified to assess the polymer-induced enhancement of transduction.
03:06
Encapsulating Nerve Growth Factor in High-Density Lipoprotein-Mimicking Nanoparticles
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2025
Source: Zhu, J., et. al., Preparation and Characterization of Novel HDL-mimicking Nanoparticles for Nerve Growth Factor Encapsulation. J. Vis. Exp. (2017)This video demonstrates the stepwise assembly of NGF-loaded HDL-mimicking nanoparticles using protamine-assisted encapsulation and lipid-based self-assembly for potential neurotrophic delivery applications.
07:42
Labeling Stem Cells with Fluorescent Dyes for non-invasive Detection with Optical Imaging
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Cited by 33 •
2008
This video shows techniques for labeling of human embryonic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells with fluorescent dyes. This technique can be used for an in vivo tracking of transplanted stem cells with optical imaging and for histopathological correlations with fluorescence microscopy.
03:19
Transduction to Label PDX Tumor Cells: Introducing Lentivirus Expressing Fluorescent Marker into the Tumor Cell In Vitro
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2023
The following video describes a technique of transduction to label (patient-derived xenografts) PDX tumor cells, which is used for introducing lentivirus expressing green-fluorescent protein and luciferase reporters into the tumor cell in vitro.
FAQs
Cationic reagents alter the electrostatic environment at the cell surface, helping negatively charged viral particles approach and attach to negatively charged cell membranes more effectively. This can increase the number of particles available for uptake and improve transduction efficiency. The benefit is therefore linked to early particle-cell interactions, rather than to a change in the viral genetic payload itself.
Polybrene and protamine sulfate serve a similar charge-based purpose, but the overview does not establish that either reagent is universally superior. Their performance can differ with the target cell type, reagent concentration, and exposure time. Researchers should therefore compare them under matched conditions and select the option that improves delivery without producing unacceptable cellular toxicity.
Cell surfaces and sensitivities vary, so a condition that promotes particle attachment in one cell type may be less effective or more damaging in another. Increasing concentration or exposure time may enhance delivery, but it can also increase toxicity. These variables must be balanced experimentally because transduction efficiency alone does not fully indicate whether a condition is suitable.
Optimization should examine reagent identity, concentration, and exposure time in the specific target cells, while measuring both delivery efficiency and signs of cellular toxicity. Conditions can then be compared to identify a useful balance rather than maximizing uptake alone. This approach is especially important when working with immune cells, whose responses and tolerances may vary across experimental systems.
They are useful when investigators need to introduce viral particles or nucleic acids into cells to examine immune-cell function, host-pathogen interactions, or antiviral responses. Enhanced retroviral or lentiviral delivery can make it easier to study how altered gene expression affects these processes. Their use is most informative when improved delivery is evaluated together with cell health and experimental relevance.
Higher transduction efficiency indicates that more viral material entered the cells, but it does not by itself demonstrate an improved biological experiment. Researchers should also consider whether the reagent caused cellular toxicity or altered the behavior of the cells under study. In immunology and infection experiments, separating delivery effects from reagent-related effects is essential for interpreting immune or antiviral outcomes.