מערכת התגובה למתח

Hans Selye proposed that the stress response system, which activates in reaction to perceived threats or challenges, follows a consistent pattern.

Using this idea, he introduced the general adaptation syndrome, or GAS, which describes the body's typical responses to stress through three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.

In the alarm stage, the body experiences a temporary shock, lowering its resistance to illness and stress below normal levels.

To counteract this shock, hormones are released that briefly weaken the immune system, increasing the risk of infections.

During the resistance stage, the body increases hormone production to defend against stress, allowing the immune system to combat infections effectively.

The anti-inflammatory hormone cortisol is also released to reduce the effects of physical injuries, enhancing the body's ability to cope with challenges.

If stress persists, the body enters the exhaustion stage, where prolonged exposure to stress causes wear and tear.

During exhaustion, the risk of illness increases, and severe conditions like heart attacks may occur, which can cause lasting damage or death.