Surgical Model Establishment
Surgical Model Establishment - Related Videos
07:58
Establishment of a Surgically-induced Model in Mice to Investigate the Protective Role of Progranulin in Osteoarthritis
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Cited by 47 •
2014
We describe a protocol for the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model in mice, an effective tool for osteoarthritis (OA) research. In addition, we have demonstrated that deficiency of progranulincan exaggerate OA development and progression by using this model, indicating that progranulin plays a protective role in the pathogenesis of OA.
08:40
Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model
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Cited by 51 •
2015
The ability to model urinary tract infections (UTI) is crucial in order to be able to understand bacterial pathogenesis and spawn the development of novel therapeutics. This work’s goal is to demonstrate mouse models of experimental UTI and catheter associated UTI that recapitulate and predict findings seen in humans.
05:19
Surgical Models of Gastroesophageal Reflux with Mice
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Cited by 8 •
2015
This article demonstrates surgical procedures of gastroesophageal reflux with mice. These models are useful tools for research on mechanisms and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease and potentially Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.
06:28
An Obstructive Chronic Pancreatitis Model Established Through Electrocoagulation
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2025
The present protocol describes a novel approach to modeling chronic obstructive pancreatitis, which involves visualization of the pancreatic duct and electrocoagulation of the pancreatic duct to cause pancreatic duct obstruction.
05:23
Establishment and Evaluation of a Sheep Model of Full-thickness Osteochondral Defect
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2026
Here, we present an integrated protocol for generating controlled osteochondral lesions in sheep knees to establish an experimental model suitable for bone and cartilage tissue regeneration studies. The protocol outlines a method for inducing a full-thickness osteochondral defect in the femoral condyle, utilizing techniques that minimize animal welfare impacts and variability in results.
FAQs
Anatomical placement is a central mechanistic variable because implanting tumor cells or tissue at a defined site keeps the developing tumor in contact with relevant surrounding tissues. In cancer research, this can help preserve local interactions that influence how investigators interpret growth, invasion, metastasis, and treatment response. Thus, the operative site is part of the model, not merely a delivery location.
Orthotopic models place tumor cells or tissue at a defined anatomical site, while other surgically generated arrangements may use different locations. The important comparison is whether the chosen model preserves interactions between the tumor and surrounding tissues. That consideration helps determine how well results on local progression, invasion, metastasis, or therapy response address the intended cancer research question.
Reproducibility depends on controlling several linked elements: anesthesia, aseptic technique, precise tissue handling, wound closure, and postoperative monitoring. Consistency across these stages reduces procedural variation and makes differences in tumor behavior or treatment response easier to interpret. Standardized execution also supports comparisons among experimental groups and strengthens the value of the resulting cancer model.
A typical workflow begins with anesthesia and aseptic preparation, followed by operative access, precise placement of tumor cells or tissue at the selected anatomical site, and careful wound closure. Investigators then provide postoperative monitoring and track the model for relevant cancer outcomes. Keeping each stage consistent helps distinguish biological effects from variation introduced by the operation itself.
Follow-up assessment can examine tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and response to therapy in a living system. These readouts connect the implanted tumor with its surrounding tissue context, allowing investigators to study both disease progression and treatment effects. The resulting observations are most informative when postoperative care and model construction remain standardized, because inconsistent handling can weaken experimental interpretation.
Researchers may select this approach when cancer biology or treatment must be examined in a living system that retains relevant tissue interactions. Surgically generated models support preclinical investigations of tumor progression and therapeutic response, including questions involving invasion and metastasis. Their value lies in linking controlled operative procedures with disease and treatment outcomes relevant to cancer research.