Anhydrous Thf
Anhydrous Thf - Related Videos
10:17
Preparing Anhydrous Reagents and Equipment
0 Views •
2023
Source: Laboratory of Dr. Dana Lashley - College of William and Mary Demonstrated by: Timothy Beck and Lucas Arney Many reactions in organic chemistry are moisture-sensitive and must be carried out under careful exclusion of water. In these cases the reagents have a high affinity to react with water from the atmosphere and if left exposed the desired reaction will not take place or give poor yields, because the reactants are chemically altered. In order to prevent undesired reactions with H2O...
08:46
Preparation and Reactivity of a Triphosphenium Bromide Salt: A Convenient and Stable Source of Phosphorus(I)
0 Views •
Cited by 4 •
2016
The synthesis of a triphosphenium bromide salt is described and its use as a P+ transfer agent is outlined by reactions with an N-heterocyclic carbene and an anionic bisphosphine, yielding an NHC-stabilized P(I) cation and a P(I) containing zwitterion, respectively.
07:20
Grignard Reaction
0 Views •
2023
Source: Vy M. Dong and Faben Cruz, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA This experiment will demonstrate how to properly carry out a Grignard reaction. The formation of an organometallic reagent will be demonstrated by synthesizing a Grignard reagent with magnesium and an alkyl halide. To demonstrate a common use of a Grignard reagent, a nucleophilic attack onto a carbonyl will be performed to generate a secondary alcohol by forming a new C-C bond.
10:53
Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions
0 Views •
Cited by 2 •
2016
The key steps of living anionic polymerization of phenyl glycidyl ether (PheGE) on methoxy-polyethylene glycol (mPEG-b-PPheGE) are described. The resulting block copolymer micelles (BCMs) were loaded with doxorubicin 14% (wt%) and sustained release of drug over 4 days under physiologically relevant conditions was obtained.
09:01
Programming Stem Cells for Therapeutic Angiogenesis Using Biodegradable Polymeric Nanoparticles
0 Views •
Cited by 13 •
2013
We describe the method of programming stem cells to overexpress therapeutic factors for angiogenesis using biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles. Processes described include polymer synthesis, transfecting adipose-derived stem cells in vitro, and validating the efficacy of programmed stem cells to promote angiogenesis in a murine hindlimb ischemia model.
FAQs
The ether oxygen can coordinate with metal cations, creating a solvent environment that supports the behavior of organometallic reagents. This interaction is especially relevant for species such as Grignard and organolithium reagents, whose useful reactivity depends on avoiding uncontrolled contact with moisture. As a result, solvent coordination and water exclusion work together during synthetic reactions.
Trace water can hydrolyze or quench moisture-sensitive species, including Grignard and organolithium reagents. In an anhydrous THF system, minimizing that water removes a competing source of reagent consumption and helps maintain the intended reactivity. This matters because even a small moisture contribution can undermine the controlled conditions needed for transformations involving these reagents.
Water-free THF reduces an uncontrolled variable: the amount of water available to react with sensitive reagents. By combining low water content with controlled handling, chemists can preserve the expected reactivity of the reaction mixture rather than allowing hydrolysis or quenching to compete. This provides more reliable conditions for synthetic transformations that depend on reactive organometallic species.
Preparation generally requires drying the THF, followed by controlled handling that limits renewed moisture exposure. An inert atmosphere is often used as part of this control strategy. These steps are not separate from the solvent’s function: they preserve the low water content needed to prevent sensitive reagents from being hydrolyzed or quenched during use.
It is suited to reactions in which water could disrupt reagent behavior, particularly transformations using Grignard or organolithium reagents. The solvent is also relevant to carbon-carbon bond formation and reductions when maintaining moisture-free conditions matters. Selecting it therefore reflects the reaction’s sensitivity to water, not simply a preference for an ether solvent.
During carbon-carbon bond formation, the solvent’s ether oxygen can coordinate with metal cations and help dissolve organometallic reagents. Keeping water low protects those reagents from hydrolysis or quenching, allowing their intended reactivity to remain available. The combination is useful when bond construction depends on moisture-sensitive organometallic chemistry rather than on water-tolerant conditions.