Pulmonary Hemodynamics
Pulmonary Hemodynamics - Related Videos
09:40
Hemodynamic Characterization of Rodent Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
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Cited by 35 •
2016
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease of pulmonary arterioles that leads to their obliteration and the development of right ventricular failure. Rodent models of PAH are critical in understanding the pathophysiology of PAH. Here we demonstrate hemodynamic characterization, with right heart catheterization and echocardiography, in the mouse and rat.
08:12
Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring of Aortic and Pulmonary Artery Hemodynamics in a Large Animal Model of ARDS
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Cited by 5 •
2018
We present a protocol of creating right ventricular dysfunction in a pig model by inducing ARDS. We demonstrate invasive monitoring of left and right ventricular cardiac output using flow probes around the aorta and the pulmonary artery, as well as blood pressure measurements in the aorta and pulmonary artery.
04:54
Invasive Hemodynamic Assessment for the Right Ventricular System and Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Mice
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Cited by 9 •
2019
Here, we present a protocol to perform an invasive hemodynamic assessment of the right ventricle and pulmonary artery in mice using an open-chest surgery approach.
08:17
Murine Echocardiography of Left Atrium, Aorta, and Pulmonary Artery
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Cited by 8 •
2017
The following protocol describes the methodology for the acquisition and analysis of echocardiographic images used to obtain the Left Atrial Volume (LAV), Aorta (Ao) diameter, and Pulmonary Artery (PA) diameter in mice. This technique is a non-invasive, non-terminal procedure that allows assessment of the cardiopulmonary function.
08:09
A Novel Ex Ovo Banding Technique to Alter Intracardiac Hemodynamics in an Embryonic Chicken System
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Cited by 2 •
2016
For the first time we present here a reproducible banding procedure to alter hemodynamics in the developing heart ex ovo. This is achieved by partially constricting the outflow tract (OFT).
FAQs
Pulmonary arterial pressure is shaped by how much blood the right ventricle pumps and how strongly the pulmonary vessels resist that flow. When vascular resistance increases, maintaining cardiac output requires greater pressure, which can increase the right ventricle’s workload. Interpreting pressure together with flow therefore helps clinicians distinguish altered vascular loading from changes in cardiac performance.
Hypoxic vasoconstriction changes pulmonary vessel caliber in response to low oxygen conditions, thereby influencing vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure. Because vessel narrowing can increase the load faced by the right ventricle, this mechanism is important when interpreting abnormal pressure measurements. It also shows why oxygen-related vascular responses belong in the assessment of pulmonary circulation.
Vessel caliber, vascular compliance, and blood viscosity each modify how readily blood moves through the pulmonary circulation. A change in caliber alters resistance, compliance affects how vessels accommodate blood, and viscosity influences flow properties. Considering these variables together helps explain why similar cardiac outputs can be associated with different pressures and different levels of right-ventricular workload.
Echocardiography and right-heart catheterization contribute complementary information rather than serving identical roles. Echocardiography can be integrated into the broader assessment, while right-heart catheterization directly supports evaluation of pressures and flow within the right-sided and pulmonary circulation. Using these measurements together strengthens interpretation for diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment planning.
Right-heart catheterization is used when clinicians need measurements of pulmonary pressures and flow to support evaluation of pulmonary hemodynamics. The resulting information can contribute to diagnosing pulmonary hypertension and to judging clinical risk. It also helps inform treatment planning, particularly when pressure and flow findings must be interpreted alongside echocardiographic assessment.
In heart failure and congenital heart disease, pulmonary pressure and flow findings provide context for how the pulmonary circulation is affecting cardiac function. They can reveal abnormal vascular loading and increased demands on the right ventricle, while combined echocardiographic and catheter-based assessment supports diagnosis, risk assessment, and selection of an appropriate treatment strategy.