Summary

Studiare cancro del pancreas staminali caratteristiche cellulari per lo sviluppo di nuove strategie di trattamento

Published: June 20, 2015
doi:
Please note that all translations are automatically generated. Click here for the English version.

Summary

Abstract

Introduction

Protocol

Representative Results

Discussion

Disclosures

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

Materials

Counting Chamber/Hemocytometer Hausser Scientific Co3200
CASY Cell Counter and Analyzer for proliferation and viability measurementRoche InnovatisAG CASY Model TTC 45,60,150 μm
GentleMACS Dissociator Miltenyi Co130-093-235
GentleMACS C Tubes Miltenyi Co130-093-237
24-well Ultra-low Attachment Plates Corning3474
100-mm tissue culture dishes BD Falcon353803
Cell strainer BD Falcon352350
15-ml polypropylene conical tube BD Falcon352097
50-ml polypropylene conical tube BD Falcon352070
1.5 ml sterile tubes Eppendorf0030 120.086
50 ml centrifuge tubes Corning430828
Sterile petri dishes, 10 cm dishes Corning353003
26 G needles BD Falcon300600
100 ul Hamilton Syringe Hamilton Syringe Co81075
Collagenase type IV Stem Cell Technologies7909
RPMI Medium 1640 Life technologies11875-085
Penicillin/Streptomycin solution, 100X Life technologiesSV30010
Metformin SigmaD150959-5G
L-glutamine, 200 mM, 100X Life technologies25030-081
D-Glucose SigmaG8270
100mM Sodium Pyruvate solution Life technologies11360-070
Seahorse Assay medium Seahorse Bioscience100965-000
BD Cell-TAK Cell and Tissue adhesive BD Biosciences354240
Trypsin solution, 0.05% Life technologies25300054
B27 Supplement 50x Life technologies17504-044
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor SigmaF0291
Bovine Serum Albumin SigmaA9576
Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium/F12 SigmaD8437
Sterile 1x Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline SigmaD8537
Trypan Blue Life technologies15250-061
Carboxy-DCFDA(5-(and-6)-Carboxy-2',7'-DichlorofluoresceinDiacetate) Life technologiesC-369
RotenoneSigmaR8875
Ethanol 70% (vol/vol) Sigma459844
IsofluoraneIsoVet, Braun571105.8
MatrigelBD Biosciences35620
Sterile Cotton tipped applicator Puritan medical
XF96<sup>e</sup> FluxPak with cell plates, calibrant and cartridgesSeahorse Bioscience102416-100
XF96<sup>e</sup> Extracellular Flux analyzerSeahorse Bioscience
Incubator with CO<sub>2</sub> input&nbsp;
Micro scissors
Curved forceps
Splinter forceps
Caliper

References

  1. Whipple, C. A., Young, A. L., Korc, M. A KrasG12D-driven genetic mouse model of pancreatic cancer requires glypican-1 for efficient proliferation and angiogenesis. Oncogene. 31 (20), 2535-2544 (2012).
  2. Li, D. S., Yuan, Y. H., Tu, H. J., Liang, Q. L., Dai, L. J. A protocol for islet isolation from mouse pancreas. Nat Protoc. 4 (11), 1649-1652 (2009).
  3. Rahib, L., et al. Projecting cancer incidence and deaths to 2030: the unexpected burden of thyroid, liver, and pancreas cancers in the United States. Cancer Res. 74 (11), 2913-2921 (2014).
  4. Siegel, R., Naishadham, D., Jemal, A. Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 62 (1), 10-29 (2012).
  5. Burris, H. A., et al. Improvements in survival and clinical benefit with gemcitabine as first-line therapy for patients with advanced pancreas cancer: a randomized trial. J Clin Oncol. 15 (6), 2403-2413 (1997).
  6. Moore, M. J., et al. Erlotinib plus gemcitabine compared with gemcitabine alone in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: a phase III trial of the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group. J Clin Oncol. 25 (15), 1960-1966 (2007).
  7. Cunningham, D., et al. Phase III randomized comparison of gemcitabine versus gemcitabine plus capecitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. J Clin Oncol. 27 (33), 5513-5518 (2009).
  8. Von Hoff, D. D., et al. Increased survival in pancreatic cancer with nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine. N Engl J Med. 369 (18), 1691-1703 (2013).
  9. Conroy, T., et al. FOLFIRINOX versus gemcitabine for metastatic pancreatic cancer. N Engl J Med. 364 (19), 1817-1825 (2011).
  10. Gourgou-Bourgade, S., et al. Impact of FOLFIRINOX compared with gemcitabine on quality of life in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer: results from the PRODIGE 4/ACCORD 11 randomized trial. J Clin Oncol. 31 (1), 23-29 (2013).
  11. Yachida, S., et al. Distant metastasis occurs late during the genetic evolution of pancreatic cancer. Nature. 467 (7319), 1114-1117 (2010).
  12. Garcia-Silva, S., Frias-Aldeguer, J., Heeschen, C. Stem cells & pancreatic cancer. Pancreatology. 13 (2), 110-113 (2013).
  13. Hermann, P. C., Mueller, M. T., Heeschen, C. Pancreatic cancer stem cells–insights and perspectives. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 9 (10), 1271-1278 (2009).
  14. Hermann, P. C., Huber, S. L., Heeschen, C. Metastatic cancer stem cells: a new target for anti-cancer therapy. Cell Cycle. 7 (2), 188-193 (2008).
  15. Hermann, P. C., et al. Distinct populations of cancer stem cells determine tumor growth and metastatic activity in human pancreatic cancer. Cell Stem Cell. 1 (3), 313-323 (2007).
  16. Li, C., et al. Identification of pancreatic cancer stem cells. Cancer Res. 67 (3), 1030-1037 (2007).
  17. Kreso, A., Dick, J. E. Evolution of the cancer stem cell model. Cell Stem Cell. 14 (3), 275-291 (2014).
  18. Gallmeier, E., et al. Inhibition of ataxia telangiectasia- and Rad3-related function abrogates the in vitro and in vivo tumorigenicity of human colon cancer cells through depletion of the CD133(+) tumor-initiating cell fraction. Stem Cells. 29 (3), 418-429 (2011).
  19. Hermann, P. C., Bhaskar, S., Cioffi, M., Heeschen, C. Cancer stem cells in solid tumors. Semin Cancer Biol. 20 (2), 77-84 (2010).
  20. Mueller, M. T., et al. Combined targeted treatment to eliminate tumorigenic cancer stem cells in human pancreatic cancer. Gastroenterology. 137 (3), 1102-1113 (2009).
  21. Lonardo, E., et al. Nodal/Activin signaling drives self-renewal and tumorigenicity of pancreatic cancer stem cells and provides a target for combined drug therapy. Cell Stem Cell. 9 (5), 433-446 (2011).
  22. Li, C., et al. c-Met is a marker of pancreatic cancer stem cells and therapeutic target. Gastroenterology. 141 (6), 2218-2227 (2011).
  23. Chen, J., et al. A restricted cell population propagates glioblastoma growth after chemotherapy. Nature. 488 (7412), 522-526 (2012).
  24. Schepers, A. G., et al. Lineage tracing reveals Lgr5+ stem cell activity in mouse intestinal adenomas. Science. 337 (6095), 730-735 (2012).
  25. Driessens, G., Beck, B., Caauwe, A., Simons, B. D., Blanpain, C. Defining the mode of tumour growth by clonal analysis. Nature. 488 (7412), 527-530 (2012).
  26. Shaw, R. J., et al. The kinase LKB1 mediates glucose homeostasis in liver and therapeutic effects of metformin. Science. 310 (5754), 1642-1646 (2005).
  27. Martin-Castillo, B., Vazquez-Martin, A., Oliveras-Ferraros, C., Menendez, J. A. Metformin and cancer: doses, mechanisms and the dandelion and hormetic phenomena. Cell Cycle. 9 (6), 1057-1064 (2010).
  28. Honjo, S., et al. Metformin sensitizes chemotherapy by targeting cancer stem cells and the mTOR pathway in esophageal cancer. Int J Oncol. 45 (2), 567-574 (2014).
  29. Wurth, R., et al. Metformin selectively affects human glioblastoma tumor-initiating cell viability: A role for metformin-induced inhibition of Akt. Cell Cycle. 12 (1), 145-156 (2013).
  30. Cufi, S., et al. Metformin-induced preferential killing of breast cancer initiating CD44+CD24-/low cells is sufficient to overcome primary resistance to trastuzumab in HER2+ human breast cancer xenografts. Oncotarget. 3 (4), 395-398 (2012).
  31. Lonardo, E., et al. Metformin targets the metabolic achilles heel of human pancreatic cancer stem cells. PLoS One. 8 (10), e76518 (2013).
  32. Gu, Y., et al. The effect of B27 supplement on promoting in vitro propagation of Her2/neu-transformed mammary tumorspheres. J Biotech Res. 3, 7-11 (2011).
  33. Ishizawa, K., et al. Tumor-initiating cells are rare in many human tumors. Cell Stem Cell. 7 (3), 279-282 (2010).
  34. Reynolds, B. A., Weiss, S. Generation of neurons and astrocytes from isolated cells of the adult mammalian central nervous system. Science. 255 (5052), 1707-1710 (1992).
  35. Singec, I., et al. Defining the actual sensitivity and specificity of the neurosphere assay in stem cell biology. Nat Methods. 3 (10), 801-806 (2006).
  36. Lawson, D. A., Xin, L., Lukacs, R. U., Cheng, D., Witte, O. N. Isolation and functional characterization of murine prostate stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 104 (1), 181-186 (2007).
  37. Seaberg, R. M., van der Kooy, D. Adult rodent neurogenic regions: the ventricular subependyma contains neural stem cells, but the dentate gyrus contains restricted progenitors. J Neurosci. 22 (5), 1784-1793 (2002).
  38. Jimeno, A., et al. A direct pancreatic cancer xenograft model as a platform for cancer stem cell therapeutic development. Mol Cancer Ther. 8 (2), 310-314 (2009).
  39. Hirschmann-Jax, C., et al. A distinct ‘side population’ of cells with high drug efflux capacity in human tumor cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 101 (39), 14228-14233 (2004).
  40. Miranda-Lorenzo, I., et al. Intracellular autofluorescence: a biomarker for epithelial cancer stem cells. Nat Methods. 11 (11), 1161-1169 (2014).
Studying Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics for Developing New Treatment Strategies

Play Video

Cite This Article
Lonardo, E., Cioffi, M., Sancho, P., Crusz, S., Heeschen, C. Studying Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics for Developing New Treatment Strategies. J. Vis. Exp. (100), e52801, doi:10.3791/52801 (2015).

View Video