Gut Brain Axis
Gut Brain Axis - Related Videos
01:22
Gut-Brain Axis
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2026
The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such as...
09:18
A Gut-on-a-Chip Model to Study the Gut Microbiome-Nervous System Axis
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Cited by 10 •
2023
neuroHuMiX is an advanced gut-on-a-chip model to study the interactions of bacterial, epithelial, and neuronal cells under proximal and representative co-culture conditions. This model allows unravelling of the molecular mechanisms underlying the communication between the gut microbiome and the nervous system.
01:37
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis
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2019
The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor. What Happens During Stress In response to stress, the neurons in the hypothalamus release...
15:27
Extracting DNA from the Gut Microbes of the Termite (Zootermopsis Angusticollis) and Visualizing Gut Microbes
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Cited by 18 •
2007
This video illustrates the technique for extracting DNA from the species of microbes resident in the termite hindgut. The preparation of a wet mount slide, which is useful for visualizing the gut microbial community is also illustrated, and a tour through the species-rich gut environment is given.
01:06
Parallel-axis Theorem
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2025
The parallel-axis theorem provides a convenient and quick method of finding the moment of inertia of an object about an axis parallel to the axis passing through its center of mass. Consider a thin rod as an example. There is a striking similarity between the process of finding the moment of inertia of a thin rod about an axis through its middle, where the center of mass lies, and about an axis through its end using the conventional method. In the conventional method, the concept of linear mass...
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Its communication network integrates several signal types rather than relying on one pathway. Signals from the gastrointestinal tract can reach the central nervous system through the vagus nerve, endocrine hormones, immune mediators, and metabolites produced by intestinal microbes. In the opposite direction, brain signals can alter gut motility, secretion, and barrier function, creating continuous feedback between digestive and nervous-system activity.
These components provide complementary routes for information exchange. The vagus nerve carries neural communication, hormones provide endocrine signals, and immune mediators connect intestinal immune activity with the nervous system. Metabolites produced by microbes add chemical signals associated with intestinal conditions. Together, these pathways help explain how changes in the gut may correspond with effects on behavior, physiology, or gastrointestinal function.
The brain does more than receive information from the digestive tract. It also regulates gut motility, secretion, and barrier function, so changes in central nervous-system activity can influence gastrointestinal conditions. This feedback is important for understanding how physiological processes are coordinated and why nervous-system factors may be relevant when investigating gastrointestinal health and related disorders.
These factors can modify signals moving through the gut-brain network. Diet and changes in intestinal microbial communities may alter the microbial metabolites available for communication, while stress may affect brain-directed regulation of gastrointestinal activity. Studying these influences helps researchers examine possible links with mood, cognition, digestion, and overall physiology without treating any single factor as the sole cause.
The system offers a framework for examining how gastrointestinal function, immune mediators, neural signaling, and microbial activity may interact in disease. In irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory disease, this perspective connects digestive symptoms with broader physiological communication rather than considering the gut in isolation. It can therefore guide research into relationships among intestinal conditions, brain signaling, and health outcomes.
Research on this system can identify whether changes in microbial communities or their metabolites correspond with gastrointestinal, behavioral, or physiological outcomes. Those findings may inform microbiome-based therapies aimed at influencing gut-brain communication. The same research context also supports investigation of anxiety and depression, while helping evaluate how microbial changes relate to mood and cognition.