Serological Assays
Serological Assays - Related Videos
05:22
A Multiplex Serological Assay for the Detection of Antibody Responses to Arboviruses
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2025
Multiplex fluorescence immunoassays are becoming a reference for serology testing. Their application, however, is limited by the complexity and time-consuming bead-analyte coupling processes. This report presents a semi-automated, reproducible multiplex microsphere bead coupling protocol that is comparable to the standard method while considerably reducing time to results.
06:35
Introduction to Serological Pipettes and Pipettors
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2023
The serological pipette is frequently used in the laboratory for transferring milliliter volumes of liquid, from less than 1 ml to up to 50 ml. The pipettes can be sterile, plastic, and disposable or sterilizable, glass and reusable. Both kinds of pipettes use a pipet-aid, for the aspiration and dispensation of liquids. Different sizes of pipettes can be used with the same pipet-aid for a variety of experimental assays. For example, serological pipettes are useful for mixing chemical solutions...
11:43
Aseptic Laboratory Techniques: Volume Transfers with Serological Pipettes and Micropipettors
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Cited by 24 •
2012
When working in a laboratory, it is imperative to minimize sources of contamination. Aseptic technique refers to procedures that permit transfer of cultures and reagents while avoiding contact with non-sterile surfaces. Serological pipettes and micropipettors are used to measure precise volumes without compromising sterility of solutions used in experiments.
07:04
Optimization of Antigen Preparation for Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay of Newcastle Disease Virus Serology
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Cited by 1 •
2025
This article presents a simplified method for preparing 4 hemagglutination units antigen for Newcastle disease virus serological testing. By accurately determining the hemagglutination titer of the antigen, combined with a more rigorous back-titration method, and a well-defined adjustment process, it enhances test efficiency, reduces false positives, and improves disease surveillance in poultry.
09:12
A Protein Microarray Assay for Serological Determination of Antigen-specific Antibody Responses Following Clostridium difficile Infection
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Cited by 3 •
2018
This article describes a simple protein microarray method for profiling humoral immune responses to a 7-plex panel of highly purified Clostridium difficile antigens in human sera. The protocol can be extended for the determination of specific antibody responses in preparations of polyclonal intravenous immunoglobulin.
FAQs
Specific antigen–antibody binding gives these tests their analytical selectivity, allowing a measured signal to be associated with a particular immune target. The assay format determines how that binding becomes detectable, whether through an enzyme-linked signal, visible agglutination, or an immunoblot pattern. This relationship helps connect laboratory measurements with infection, exposure, disease status, or vaccination responses.
Sensitivity and specificity shape how reliably an assay identifies the intended immune marker, while sample quality affects whether the measured signal can be interpreted confidently. A result therefore reflects both biological binding and technical performance. Considering these factors is essential when comparing samples, evaluating disease status, or using measurements in surveillance and epidemiological studies.
These formats convert antigen–antibody interactions into different observable outputs. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays generate a measurable enzyme-associated signal, agglutination tests reveal visible particle or cell clumping, and immunoblotting displays binding patterns on separated targets. Their differing readouts provide alternative ways to detect or measure immune-related markers, depending on the question being investigated.
A serum sample is exposed to assay components containing the relevant antigen or antibody target, allowing specific immune binding to occur. The format then converts that interaction into a measurable or visible signal. Researchers interpret the signal in relation to the assay design and performance characteristics, producing information about immune exposure, disease status, or antibody response.
These tests are useful when investigators need evidence of infection, immune exposure, disease status, or a response to vaccination. In clinical settings, they can support diagnosis, while population studies can use them for pathogen surveillance and epidemiological analysis. The same general principle therefore supports both individual assessment and broader monitoring of immune-related patterns.
In biology, these assays help investigate immune system function by measuring antibodies, antigens, or other immune-related markers. They also contribute to pathogen surveillance, epidemiological studies, and vaccine evaluation. By linking antigen–antibody binding with a quantifiable or observable outcome, the methods provide experimental evidence for studying immune responses across biomedical and population-level research contexts.