Diagnostic Yield
Diagnostic Yield - Related Videos
01:31
ATP Yield
0 Views •
2019
Cellular respiration produces 30 - 32 ATP per glucose molecule. Although most of the ATP results from oxidative phosphorylation and the electron transport chain (ETC), 4 ATP are gained beforehand (2 from glycolysis and 2 from the citric acid cycle). The ETC is embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane and is comprised of four main protein complexes and an ATP synthase. NADH and FADH2 pass electrons to these complexes, which pump protons into the intermembrane space. This distribution of...
02:22
Reaction Yield
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2020
The theoretical yield of a reaction is the amount of product estimated to form based on the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation. The theoretical yield assumes the complete conversion of the limiting reactant into the desired product. The amount of product that is obtained by performing the reaction is called the actual yield, and it may be less than or (very rarely) equal to the theoretical yield. Percent Yield In the case of chemical reactions, the actual yield of the product is...
01:24
Bond Yields and the Yield Curve: Putting It All Together
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2026
Bond yields and the yield curve are fundamental components of fixed-income markets, influencing investment decisions, economic policies, and financial conditions. Bond yields reflect the annual return an investor can expect from holding a bond until maturity. Prevailing interest rates, bond prices, and credit risk influence these yields. Since bond prices and yields move inversely, a rise in bond prices results in lower yields, while a decline in bond prices leads to higher yields.The yield...
11:47
Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) for Research; Obtaining Adequate Sample Yield
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Cited by 47 •
2014
We describe a research technique for fiberoptic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage using low pressure suction. The technique is used to harvest immune cells from the lung bronchoalveolar surfaces. Local anesthetic and mild conscious sedation (midazolam) is used. Subjects tolerate the procedure well and experience minimal side effects.
10:21
Microfluidic Applications for Disposable Diagnostics
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Cited by 1 •
2008
In this interview, Dr. Klapperich discusses the fabrication of thermoplastic microfluidic devices and their application for development of new diagnostics.
FAQs
The denominator should include all examinations performed within the defined patient group and study period. The numerator should include only examinations that establish a diagnosis or make a clinically meaningful contribution to one. Keeping these definitions consistent prevents apparently different yields from reflecting different counting rules rather than differences in diagnostic effectiveness.
Patient selection affects the likelihood that a test will encounter findings relevant to the diagnostic question. A group selected with different clinical characteristics may therefore produce a different yield even when the same procedure and interpretation methods are used. For meaningful comparisons, clinicians and researchers should consider whether the evaluated patient populations are sufficiently comparable.
A test can fail to provide useful information when the specimen is inadequate or when the findings are not interpreted effectively. Specimen quality affects what can be assessed, while interpretation determines whether available findings meaningfully support a diagnosis. Evaluating both factors helps distinguish limitations in the examination itself from problems in obtaining or understanding its results.
Differences may arise from the procedures or tests selected, the characteristics of those tests, the quality of specimens obtained, or the way results are interpreted. Patient selection can also contribute, even when the clinical setting appears similar. Diagnostic yield is therefore most informative when comparison methods, patient groups, and criteria for clinically useful findings are clearly specified.
First, define which examinations belong in the analysis and what qualifies as a diagnosis or meaningful diagnostic contribution. Then count the examinations meeting that outcome and divide by the total number performed. Reporting the calculation alongside patient selection, specimen quality, test characteristics, and interpretation criteria makes the resulting measure easier to evaluate and compare.
Yield can help clinicians judge whether repeating an investigation is likely to provide useful diagnostic information, particularly when an earlier examination did not establish or meaningfully contribute to a diagnosis. The measure should be considered with the reasons for the initial result, including specimen quality and interpretation, rather than treated as an automatic indication for or against repeat testing.
For biopsies, the measure can reflect how often examinations produce findings that establish or meaningfully support a diagnosis. For imaging studies, it can be used to evaluate how often investigations contribute useful diagnostic information. In both applications, patient selection, test characteristics, and interpretation influence the result, so yield supports assessment of diagnostic strategy rather than isolated procedure counts.
In patient care, the measure helps assess how efficiently an investigation supports diagnosis and can inform comparisons between diagnostic strategies. In clinical research, it provides an outcome for evaluating procedures such as biopsies or imaging studies. Its value depends on transparent criteria for useful findings and attention to the factors that can raise or lower the observed result.