Human Cortex
Human Cortex - Related Videos
10:09
Mapping the After-effects of Theta Burst Stimulation on the Human Auditory Cortex with Functional Imaging
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Cited by 13 •
2012
Auditory processing is the basis of speech and music-related processing. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) has been used successfully to study cognitive, sensory and motor systems but has rarely been applied to audition. Here we investigated TMS combined with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging to understand the functional organization of auditory cortex.
08:35
Detecting Cortex Fragments During Bacterial Spore Germination
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Cited by 8 •
2016
Herein, we describe a colorimetric assay to detect the presence of reducing sugars during bacterial spore germination.
07:16
Organotypic Cultures of Adult Human Cortex as an Ex vivo Model for Human Stem Cell Transplantation and Validation
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Cited by 1 •
2022
This protocol describes long-term organotypic cultures of adult human cortex combined with ex vivo intracortical transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical progenitors, which present a novel methodology to further test stem cell-based therapies for human neurodegenerative disorders.
01:21
Measuring Cerebral Blood Volume in the Auditory Cortex Using Vascular Space Occupancy
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2025
Position a human participant’s head within the head coil of a functional magnetic resonance imaging, or fMRI, system.Employ vascular space occupancy or VASO, a technique to measure changes in cerebral blood volume, or CBV, the blood volume within the brain.Begin by applying an inversion recovery pulse to suppress signals from blood, allowing only signals from the surrounding tissue within the region to be detected.Next, use MRI-compatible earbuds to deliver auditory stimuli.The stimuli reach...
03:05
Colorimetric Detection of Cortex Degradation During Bacterial Spore Germination
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2025
Source: Francis, M. B., et al. Detecting Cortex Fragments During Bacterial Spore Germination. J. Vis. Exp. (2016).This video demonstrates a colorimetric method to detect cortex degradation during bacterial spore germination by measuring the release of reducing sugars over time. Using N-acetylglucosamine standards and time-point samples, the assay quantifies sugar concentration through a purple chromogenic reaction, indicating the extent of cortex hydrolysis.
FAQs
Information processing in the human cortex depends on both electrical signaling and synaptic communication. Electrical activity carries signals through interconnected neurons, while synapses transmit information between cells and adjust how networks communicate. This interaction allows cortical circuits to combine incoming information and support coordinated functions rather than treating perception, movement, language, or thought as isolated operations.
Distinct cortical regions contribute to specialized functions, but their interconnections allow those functions to operate together. This organization helps explain why behavior and cognition cannot be understood by examining every region in isolation. Neuroscience therefore examines regional contributions alongside network-level interactions when relating cortical activity to perception, movement, language, memory, and higher-order thought.
Experience-dependent plasticity means that experience can influence how cortical networks process information through changes in the participation of interconnected neurons and synapses. This principle matters because cortical function is not treated as entirely fixed. It gives researchers a framework for studying how experience relates to behavior and cognition and why rehabilitation is an important application in cortical research.
Neuroscientists use neuroimaging, electrophysiology, anatomical analysis, and computational models to study cortical organization. These approaches examine the cortex from complementary perspectives, including imaging, electrical recording, structural analysis, and formal representation. Together, they help researchers relate organization and network activity to behavior and cognition, rather than relying on a single type of evidence.
These methods help researchers investigate how cortical organization relates to behavior and cognition. Neuroimaging provides a way to study organization, whereas electrophysiology addresses electrical activity; considered together, they connect structure and signaling with observed functions. Their value lies in comparing complementary evidence when examining perception, movement, language, memory, and higher-order thought.
Research on the human cortex contributes to the study of stroke, epilepsy, dementia, and neurodevelopmental disorders. By examining cortical organization, signaling, and function, neuroscience seeks to clarify how these conditions relate to behavior and cognition. The resulting knowledge can support diagnosis and rehabilitation research and may inform the development of potential treatments.