Sodium Azide Paralysis
Sodium Azide Paralysis - Related Videos
03:03
Fluorescent Reporter-Based Paralysis Assay: A Technique to Assess Age-Associated Progressive Formation of Polyglutamine Fluorescent Reporter and Associated Paralysis in Caenorhabditis elegans
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This video demonstrates an in vivo imaging-based assay to determine proteostasis decline due to aging. The assay uses Caenorhabditis elegans expressing polyglutamine YFP-fusion protein in body wall muscles to measure the age-associated aggregation of polyglutamine and induction of proteotoxicity, leading to paralysis.
07:23
An Optimized Protocol for the Efficient Radiolabeling of Gold Nanoparticles by Using a 125I-labeled Azide Prosthetic Group
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Cited by 5 •
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A detailed procedure for the synthesis of a 125I-labeled azide and the radiolabeling of dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)-group-conjugated, 13-nm-sized gold nanoparticles using a copper-free click reaction is described.
01:22
Preparation of 1° Amines: Azide Synthesis
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2023
Direct alkylation of ammonia produces polyalkylated amines, along with a quaternary ammonium salt. To exclusively prepare primary amines, the azide synthesis method can be used. Azide ions act as good nucleophiles and react with unhindered alkyl halides to form alkyl azides. Alkyl azides do not participate in further nucleophilic substitution reactions, thereby eliminating the chances of polyalkylated products. Alkyl azides are reduced by hydride-based reducing agents, like lithium aluminum...
09:35
Preparation of a Corannulene-functionalized Hexahelicene by Copper(I)-catalyzed Alkyne-azide Cycloaddition of Nonplanar Polyaromatic Units
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Cited by 1 •
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Here, we present a protocol to synthesize a complex organic compound comprised of three nonplanar polyaromatic units, assembled easily with reasonable yields.
01:56
Inducing Paralysis in a Mouse Model via Transfer of Aquaporin-4-Specific Th17 Cells
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2025
This video demonstrates the procedure of inducing paralysis by transferring activated Th17 cells targeting aquaporin-4 into a mouse model. In the central nervous system, the activated Th17 cells interact with aquaporin-4-expressing astrocytes, triggering an immune response that leads to tail and limb paralysis in the mouse.
FAQs
Sodium azide inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, a component of mitochondrial respiration. This interruption slows electron transport and reduces ATP production, limiting the energy available to cells. The metabolic effect explains why treated organisms lose normal movement and why exposure conditions must be controlled when the goal is observation rather than extensive disruption of cellular function.
Movement depends on coordinated activity in muscle and neuronal systems, both of which are affected when cellular energy becomes insufficient. By reducing ATP production, sodium azide impairs the functions required for movement and neural coordination. This relationship makes the method useful for immobilizing small organisms during experiments that require stable positioning or examination of anatomical features.
Concentration and exposure time are key experimental variables because sodium azide is toxic and directly affects cellular metabolism. Conditions that are not carefully controlled can produce more extensive metabolic disruption than intended. Researchers therefore select and manage these parameters according to the observation or manipulation required, while maintaining appropriate safety procedures throughout the experiment.
The principal consideration is whether the immobilization conditions will provide sufficient control without causing unwanted metabolic effects. Sodium azide does more than stop visible movement because it interferes with mitochondrial respiration and ATP production. Experimental planning should therefore account for toxicity, exposure duration, concentration, and the biological features that must remain observable.
Immobilization helps keep small organisms in a stable position while researchers perform microscopy or imaging. This stability can make anatomical features or behavioral characteristics easier to observe and record. The method is particularly useful when movement would interfere with image capture or manipulation, provided that concentration and exposure time remain controlled for the experimental purpose.
Nematodes are among the small laboratory organisms for which sodium azide immobilization is used during handling and observation. Reducing movement allows researchers to position specimens and examine features that may be difficult to capture in freely moving animals. Its usefulness depends on balancing effective immobilization with the toxic and metabolic effects associated with azide exposure.