Mirror Therapy Technique
Mirror Therapy Technique - Related Videos
10:32
Robotic Mirror Therapy System for Functional Recovery of Hemiplegic Arms
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Cited by 26 •
2016
We developed a real-time mirror robot system for functional recovery of hemiplegic arms using automatic control technology, conducted a clinical study on healthy subjects, and determined tasks through feedback from rehabilitation doctors. This simple mirror robot can be applied effectively to occupational therapy in stroke patients with a hemiplegic arm.
06:22
Motor Learning in Mirror Drawing
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Jonathan Flombaum—Johns Hopkins University Colloquially, the terms learning and memory encompass a broad range of behaviors and mental systems, everything from learning to tie a shoe to mastering calculus (and a lot in between). Experimental psychologists have divided up learning mechanisms into groups that seem to have different properties, and that seem to rely on different brain systems. A major division is between declarative and non-declarative memory, roughly, the...
09:01
Gain-compensation Methodology for a Sinusoidal Scan of a Galvanometer Mirror in Proportional-Integral-Differential Control Using Pre-emphasis Techniques
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Cited by 4 •
2017
We propose a method to extend the corresponding frequency by using a pre-emphasis technique. This method compensates for the gain reduction of a galvanometer mirror in sine-wave path tracking using proportional-integral-differential control.
11:29
Real-time Video Projection in an MRI for Characterization of Neural Correlates Associated with Mirror Therapy for Phantom Limb Pain
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Cited by 5 •
2019
We present a novel combined behavioral and neuroimaging protocol employing real-time video projection for the purpose of characterizing the neural correlates associated with mirror therapy within the magnetic resonance imaging scanner environment in leg amputee subjects with phantom limb pain.
03:18
Aggression Assay: A Method to Study Aggressive Behavior of Zebrafish in Response to a Mirror
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2023
The article describes an assay for studying zebrafish’s aggression. The method uses a simple mirror and observes zebrafish’s behavioral response towards its own reflection in mirror.
FAQs
Visual feedback supplies the brain with an image of apparently normal movement, even when the affected limb cannot move normally. Watching the reflection can engage motor networks and help modify the brain’s representation of that limb. This matters because rehabilitation can target how the nervous system interprets and organizes movement during motor relearning, not only the movement itself.
The unaffected limb provides movement that the patient can perform while the mirror supplies a matching visual image on the affected side. This arrangement creates the impression of bilateral normal movement without requiring the impaired limb to produce the same action. The reflected movement therefore becomes the central visual input used during rehabilitation practice.
Visualizing the affected side as moving normally may alter how the brain represents that limb, which can influence pain modulation. This is especially relevant after amputation, when pain may be experienced as coming from a limb that is no longer present. The technique offers a noninvasive way to pair movement-related visual input with rehabilitation aimed at phantom limb pain.
It is a low-cost, noninvasive technique that uses visual feedback as a therapeutic component rather than relying only on direct movement of the affected limb. The approach can complement physical and occupational therapy, allowing altered visual input to become part of a broader rehabilitation plan. Its role is supportive and does not replace conventional care.
The patient places the affected limb behind a mirror and the unaffected limb in front of it, then moves the unaffected limb while watching its reflection. The mirror hides the affected side and presents the moving reflection where the patient expects the impaired limb to appear. This arrangement creates the intended impression of normal movement during practice.
In stroke rehabilitation, the technique adds visual feedback to movement practice when motor control is impaired. The patient observes the unaffected limb’s reflection while the affected side remains behind the mirror. By engaging motor networks and supporting changes in the brain’s representation of the affected limb, the method may contribute to motor relearning alongside physical or occupational therapy.
It is relevant when injury or amputation is accompanied by pain, altered movement, or both. After amputation, the visual image can represent the missing side as moving, making the method applicable to phantom limb pain. After limb injury, the same visual feedback may support restoration of movement. In either context, it remains a complementary, noninvasive rehabilitation option.