Postnatal Microbial Succession
Postnatal Microbial Succession - Related Videos
02:17
Ecological Succession
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2026
Ecological succession is influenced by the processes of facilitation, inhibition, and toleration. Facilitation occurs when early successional species create more favorable ecological conditions for subsequent species, such as enhanced nutrient, water, or light availability. In contrast, inhibition happens when early successional species create unfavorable ecological conditions for potential successive species, such as limiting resource availability. In some cases, later successional species...
05:05
The Successive Alleys Test of Anxiety in Mice and Rats
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Cited by 49 •
2013
The plus-maze measures anxiety-like behaviour in rodents. There are two opposite closed and two opposite open arms; anxious rodents avoid the open arms. The central area is neither completely open nor closed, so time spent here is ambiguous and difficult to interpret. Here a modification of the plus-maze protocol eliminating this area is described.
21:02
Investigating the Microbial Community in the Termite Hindgut - Interview
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2007
Jared Leadbetter explains why the termite-gut microbial community is an excellent system for studying the complex interactions between microbes. The symbiotic relationship existing between the host insect and lignocellulose-degrading gut microbes is explained, as well as the industrial uses of these microbes for degrading plant biomass and generating biofuels.
14:42
Biology of Microbial Communities - Interview
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Cited by 3 •
2007
09:41
Visualization of Cell Cycle Variations and Determination of Nucleation in Postnatal Cardiomyocytes
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Cited by 5 •
2017
To distinguish cell division from cell cycle variations in cardiomyocytes, we present protocols using two transgenic mouse lines: Myh6-H2B-mCh transgenic mice, for the unequivocal identification of cardiomyocyte nuclei, and CAG-eGFP-anillin mice, for distinguishing cell division from cell cycle variations.
FAQs
These conditions create shifting advantages among microorganisms rather than supporting the same community indefinitely. As oxygen availability, nutrient sources, acidity, and immune activity change, some organisms become better suited to the body site and developmental stage, while others decline. Microbial competition further reinforces these transitions, producing a succession pattern linked to changing infant physiology.
Feeding changes the nutrients available to microbial communities and can therefore alter which organisms are favored over time. Its effects occur alongside oxygen availability, pH, immune activity, and competition, so diet should not be treated as an isolated influence. Comparing communities under different feeding conditions can help researchers connect nutrition with microbiome development and host health.
These factors can change the microorganisms initially encountered or the conditions under which they establish. Delivery mode affects the birth environment, antibiotics can modify microbial communities, and surroundings or caregivers provide additional exposures. Their effects may interact with feeding and host maturation, making them important variables when interpreting differences in postnatal microbial succession.
A useful investigation follows microbial communities across developmental time and considers the body site being examined. Researchers should also record relevant influences described for infancy, including delivery mode, feeding, antibiotic exposure, caregivers, and surroundings. Relating community changes to oxygen, nutrients, pH, immune activity, and competition helps distinguish possible drivers from simple differences in microbial presence.
Longitudinal changes in microbial communities can help explain how the microbiome interacts with the maturing immune system and contributes to early host development. This research may also clarify relationships with infection risk and disease susceptibility. The resulting evidence can guide investigations of healthy development and approaches intended to restore microbial balance when communities are disrupted.
The process connects microbial ecology with developmental biology because community changes occur while the infant host and immune system are maturing. It provides a framework for examining how environmental exposures and microbial interactions relate to health outcomes. In biology, this perspective supports integrated studies of host development, microbial community dynamics, infection risk, and disease susceptibility.