Immune Infiltration Assessment
Immune Infiltration Assessment - Related Videos
04:00
Immunohistochemistry to Study the Relationship Between Macrophages and Infiltrated Immune Cells
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2025
This video demonstrates a technique to quantify the relative ratio of macrophages among the total infiltrated immune cell populations in temporal artery biopsy. The immunohistochemical staining of a tissue section affected by autoimmune disease selectively stains the immune cells with specific receptors to visually differentiate them from the rest of the cells.
06:18
Isolating Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells from a Murine Brain
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2025
The video demonstrates the isolation of tumor-infiltrating peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a mouse brain using mechanical dissociation and enzymatic digestion. This is followed by density gradient centrifugation to collect the immune cells for further analysis.
03:43
Quantifying Immune Cell Infiltration in Uropathogenic E. coli-Infected Mouse Bladder Tissue using Flow Cytometry
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2025
In this video, we demonstrate a flow-cytometry-based technique to quantify CD45+ immune cells in Escherichia coli-infected mouse bladder to measure immune cell infiltration.
06:44
Isolation of Brain-infiltrating Leukocytes
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Cited by 33 •
2011
A rapid method to obtain infiltrating leukocytes from the murine brain is described. This method utilizes a continuous Percoll gradient and discontinuous Ficoll gradient to select and purify the leukocyte-enriched layer. Isolated leukocytes may then be characterized by flow cytometric measurements.
07:33
Bioluminescence Imaging for Assessment of Immune Responses Following Implantation of Engineered Heart Tissue (EHT)
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Cited by 4 •
2011
This video demonstrates the use of in vivo bioluminescence imaging to study immune responses after implantation of Engineered Heart Tissue (EHT) in rats.
FAQs
Spatial information adds context that a cell count alone cannot provide. By examining immune cells within tumors separately from those around them, researchers can characterize how the tumor microenvironment is organized and investigate tumor-host immune interactions. This distinction helps determine whether immune presence is concentrated in particular regions or distributed more broadly, supporting informative comparisons among tumors.
Different measurement platforms answer complementary questions. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence retain tissue context, allowing immune-cell populations to be examined in relation to tumor location. Flow cytometry provides a cell-based assessment, while gene-expression profiling captures molecular signals associated with the tissue sample. Combining these approaches can connect cellular identity, spatial distribution, and expression patterns rather than relying on one readout.
An immune-hot versus immune-cold classification summarizes the degree and pattern of immune presence in a tumor. These categories help researchers compare tumor microenvironments and examine how host immunity relates to cancer progression. The classifications are based on measurements of immune-cell populations, their density, and their distribution, rather than on a single observation from the tumor.
A typical assessment starts with a tumor tissue sample and a tissue-based method such as immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence to identify immune-cell populations. Researchers then quantify cells, examine their spatial distribution, or analyze the sample with flow cytometry or gene-expression profiling. The selected combination determines whether the result emphasizes location, cellular composition, or molecular patterns.
Using more than one approach is useful when a study needs both visual tissue context and broader cellular or molecular information. Tissue imaging can show where immune cells occur, whereas counting, flow cytometry, spatial analysis, and gene-expression profiling provide complementary measurements. In cancer research, this combined evidence can support characterization of the microenvironment and more focused biomarker investigations.
These measurements can be used to investigate associations between immune-cell patterns and prognosis, and to support development of cancer biomarkers. They also help researchers assess whether features of the tumor microenvironment are associated with likely immunotherapy responses. The value lies in relating measured immune presence, density, or distribution to clinically relevant research questions rather than treating infiltration as an isolated observation.