In-situ Structure Localization
In-situ Structure Localization - Related Videos
12:15
In Situ Hybridization for the Precise Localization of Transcripts in Plants
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Cited by 68 •
2011
The in situ hybridization protocol described here allows a direct localization of mRNA and small RNA expression at the cellular level with high sensitivity and specificity. The procedure is optimized for paraffin-embedded plant tissue sections, is applicable to a wide range of plants and tissues, and can be completed within ten days.
09:30
Localization of Odorant Receptor Genes in Locust Antennae by RNA In Situ Hybridization
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Cited by 5 •
2017
This paper describes a detailed and highly effective RNA in situ hybridization protocol particularly for low-level expressed Odorant Receptor (OR) genes, as well as other genes, in insect antennae using digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled or biotin-labeled probes.
08:55
Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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2018
Here, we present a protocol to describe ex situ and in situ investigations of structural transformations in metallic glasses. We employed nuclear-based analytical methods which inspect hyperfine interactions. We demonstrate the applicability of Mössbauer spectrometry and nuclear forward scattering of synchrotron radiation during temperature-driven experiments.
11:24
Detection of Axonally Localized mRNAs in Brain Sections Using High-Resolution In Situ Hybridization
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Cited by 8 •
2015
RNA in situ hybridization (ISH) enables the visualization of RNAs in cells and tissues. Here we show how combination of RNAscope ISH with immunohistochemistry or histological dyes can be successfully used to detect mRNAs localized to axons in sections of mouse and human brains.
01:30
Local Anesthetics: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship
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2025
Local anesthetics (LAs) are drugs that induce a temporary loss of sensation in a limited body area, preventing pain. Cocaine was the first local anesthetic discovered in the late 19th century. Cocaine is a benzoic acid ester obtained from the leaves of coca shrubs and was often used for its psychotropic effects. Cocaine was first isolated in 1860 by Albert Niemann. Sigmund Freud studied the physiological actions of cocaine. Carl Koller later introduced it into clinical practice in 1884 as a...
FAQs
It combines characteristic structural signals with measurements taken during a chemical event. The signal indicates which molecular or material features are present, while spatially resolved and time-dependent observations associate those features with a particular location and stage of the process. This linkage helps researchers determine how structure changes as formation, transformation, or operation proceeds.
Isolation may alter a species before it can be examined, especially when the structure exists only during formation, transformation, or operation. Monitoring the species in its chemical environment preserves information about its contemporaneous structure and position. As a result, in-situ observations can reveal intermediates or material changes that ex-situ analysis might not capture.
These measurement types provide complementary structural evidence. Spectroscopic signals can report characteristic chemical features, diffraction can contribute structural information from ordered materials, and spatially resolved measurements indicate where those features occur. Used together under controlled conditions, they help connect a chemical signal to both the identity of the species and its location within the system.
A practical workflow begins by selecting structural signals relevant to the molecule, material, or reactive intermediate of interest. Measurements are then collected while the system remains under controlled reaction or operating conditions. Researchers compare the signals across locations and stages, relating structural changes to formation, transformation, or function rather than relying only on a final isolated sample.
It is especially valuable when chemical behavior may vary across different locations within a catalyst or heterogeneous material. Monitoring structural signals during operation can associate local chemical features with changing activity or transformation. This provides context that a bulk or post-reaction measurement may not preserve, supporting characterization of catalysts and investigation of how material structure relates to chemical function.
The approach can show which structural features appear, disappear, or change as a reaction proceeds, while also indicating where those features are found. Such observations support mechanistic questions about formation and transformation, including whether a reactive intermediate is present under working conditions. They also help connect time-dependent structural behavior with the observed operation of a chemical system.