Pressure Ejection System
Pressure Ejection System - Related Videos
07:26
Synthesis and Microdiffraction at Extreme Pressures and Temperatures
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Cited by 5 •
2013
The laser heated diamond anvil cell combined with synchrotron micro-diffraction techniques allows researchers to explore the nature and properties of new phases of matter at extreme pressure and temperature (PT) conditions. Heterogeneous samples can be characterized in situ under high pressure by 2D mapping and combined powder, single-crystal and multigrain diffraction approaches.
02:34
Vapor Pressure
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2020
When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules move randomly about, they will occasionally collide with the surface of the condensed phase, and in some cases, these collisions will result in the molecules re-entering the condensed phase. The change from the gas phase to the liquid is called condensation. When the rate of condensation becomes equal to the rate of vaporization, neither the amount of the liquid nor the amount of the vapor...
05:12
Pressure-polishing Pipettes for Improved Patch-clamp Recording
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Cited by 13 •
2008
This is a guide to modifying the shape of glass micropipettes. Specifically, by using heat and air pressure the taper is widened without increasing the tip opening, leading to lower pipette resistance. This is critical to obtain low noise recordings of small cells but is useful in many applications.
03:28
Vapor Pressure Lowering
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2020
The equilibrium vapor pressure of a liquid is the pressure exerted by its gaseous phase when vaporization and condensation are occurring at equal rates: Dissolving a nonvolatile substance in volatile liquid results in a lowering of the liquid’s vapor pressure. This phenomenon can be explained by considering the effect of added solute molecules on the liquid's vaporization and condensation processes. To vaporize, solvent molecules must be present at the surface of the solution. The presence of...
08:14
Ammonia Synthesis at Low Pressure
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Cited by 17 •
2017
Ammonia can be synthesized at low pressure by using a conventional catalyst and an ammonia selective absorbent.
FAQs
Delivery depends on balancing the applied pressure pulse against resistance within the pipette and solution. Increasing pressure intensity or extending pulse duration can increase the amount expelled or alter delivery rate, while pipette dimensions and solution properties modify that response. Controlling these variables is therefore essential when comparing doses or physiological effects across cells or experimental sites.
Fluid resistance is a central determinant of how quickly a solution exits the pipette. A narrow or otherwise different pipette changes the relationship between pressure and flow, and solutions with different properties may not respond identically to the same pulse. Consistent pipette dimensions, solution conditions, pressure, and timing improve reproducibility and make observed drug effects easier to interpret.
Unlike exposing a broad region to a drug, localized pressure ejection can restrict delivery to an individual cell, tissue, or defined experimental site. This spatial control reduces exposure of surrounding regions, helping investigators distinguish effects at the intended target from responses caused by neighboring areas. The approach is especially informative when drug action depends on a specific cellular location.
A basic experimental sequence links a solution-filled fine pipette with a controlled gas-pressure source, positions the pipette at the selected site, and applies a brief pulse. Pressure intensity and pulse duration are adjusted to obtain the intended delivery, while pipette dimensions and solution properties are kept in view. This workflow supports controlled, repeatable administration during pharmacological experiments.
Within pharmacology, the apparatus can deliver drugs, neurotransmitters, agonists, or antagonists to a selected cell, tissue, or experimental site. This makes it possible to test how a defined chemical signal changes a nearby physiological response without exposing every surrounding region equally. The choice of compound and target location can therefore connect a pharmacological action with a specific cellular context.
Pressure ejection can support rapid dose-response studies by varying the delivered amount and recording the resulting physiological response. Interpreting those results requires attention to the delivery settings, because pressure, pulse duration, pipette dimensions, and solution properties all affect ejected volume and rate. Relating these parameters to the response helps distinguish drug effects from differences in administration.