Cell Surface Receptors
Cell Surface Receptors - Related Videos
01:28
Types of Receptors: Cell Surface Receptors
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2023
Cell-surface receptors, also known as transmembrane receptors, are cell surface, membrane-anchored (integral) proteins that bind to external ligand molecules. This type of receptor spans the plasma membrane and performs signal transduction, converting an extracellular signal into an intracellular signal. Ligands that interact with cell-surface receptors do not have to enter the cell that they affect. Cell-surface receptors are also called cell-specific proteins or markers because they are...
04:55
Assaying Surface Expression of Chemosensory Receptors in Heterologous Cells
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Cited by 6 •
2011
Here we demonstrate a protocol to carry out live cell staining that can be used to detect odorant receptors on the surface of HEK293T cells conveniently. In addition, it may also be used to assay for surface expression of other chemosensory receptors or GPCRs.
08:49
Cell Surface Receptor Identification Using Genome-Scale CRISPR/Cas9 Genetic Screens
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Cited by 8 •
2020
This manuscript describes a genome-scale cell-based screening approach to identify extracellular receptor-ligand interactions.
01:21
Cell-surface Signaling
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2019
Hormones—or any molecule that binds to a receptor, known as a ligand—that are lipid-insoluble (water-soluble) are not able to diffuse across the cell membrane. In order to be able to affect a cell without entering it, these hormones bind to receptors on the cell membrane. When a first messenger, a hormone, binds to a receptor, a signal cascade is set off, causing second messengers, proteins inside the cell, to become activated, resulting in downstream effects. Variety of Receptor Families
12:30
Avidity-based Extracellular Interaction Screening (AVEXIS) for the Scalable Detection of Low-affinity Extracellular Receptor-Ligand Interactions
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Cited by 56 •
2012
AVEXIS is a high throughput protein interaction assay developed to systematically screen for novel extracellular receptor-ligand pairs involved in cellular recognition processes. It is specifically designed to detect transient protein interactions that are difficult to identify using other high throughput approaches.
FAQs
Ligand binding can alter the receptor’s shape, creating a signal that is relayed into the cell. Depending on the receptor, this change may activate an associated enzyme, open or close an ion channel, or engage a signaling protein. The resulting intracellular pathway can then modify gene expression, metabolism, movement, or cell division.
These receptor classes differ in the component they activate after ligand binding. G protein-coupled receptors engage G proteins, receptor tyrosine kinases activate an associated enzyme, and ligand-gated ion channels regulate ion passage across the membrane. Their distinct downstream actions connect different extracellular signals to appropriate intracellular responses.
The receptor class and the intracellular signaling route it activates help determine the cellular outcome. A signal may be transmitted through an associated enzyme, ion channel, or signaling protein, and the resulting pathway can affect a particular cellular function. This provides a mechanism for extracellular messages to produce varied responses inside cells.
Researchers can examine which external signals engage receptors and what intracellular responses follow. Linking hormones, neurotransmitters, or growth factors to changes in gene expression, metabolism, movement, or cell division helps reveal how cells communicate. This receptor-focused approach also connects molecular signaling events with broader biological processes such as development and disease.
Receptor signaling provides a framework for explaining disease mechanisms because it links extracellular signals with pathways that regulate gene expression, metabolism, movement, or cell division. Studying these proteins helps relate signals outside the cell to altered cellular behavior, making receptor biology relevant to understanding how disease mechanisms affect biological systems.
Clarifying how receptors respond to hormones, neurotransmitters, growth factors, and other external signals can reveal how specific intracellular responses are initiated. That knowledge supports the design of targeted drugs directed toward receptor-associated signaling systems and diagnostic tools informed by receptor-related biology. Its practical value lies in connecting molecular signaling with health and disease.