Clinical Target Volume
Clinical Target Volume - Related Videos
10:44
Generating Whole Bacterial Genomes from Clinical Samples using a Target Enrichment Workflow
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Cited by 1 •
2025
Here, we present a protocol to enable whole-genome sequencing of bacterial sexually transmitted infections from clinical samples using target enrichment. This novel, syndromic panel-based method overcomes challenges of abundant human DNA and low bacterial loads, facilitating genomic surveillance for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum, and Mycoplasma genitalium.
09:47
Array Tomography Workflow for the Targeted Acquisition of Volume Information using Scanning Electron Microscopy
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Cited by 16 •
2021
We describe the preparation of ribbons of serial sections and their collection on large transfer support for use as Array Tomography samples, along with automated imaging procedures in a scanning electron microscope. The protocol allows screening, retrieval, and targeted imaging of local, rare events, and the acquisition of large data volumes.
11:19
Multimodal Hierarchical Imaging of Serial Sections for Finding Specific Cellular Targets within Large Volumes
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Cited by 12 •
2018
This protocol targets specific cells in tissue for imaging at nanoscale resolution using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Large numbers of serial sections from resin-embedded biological material are first imaged in a light microscope to identify the target and then in a hierarchical manner in the SEM.
08:54
Treatment of Liver Metastases Using an Internal Target Volume Method for Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy
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2018
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) requires rigorous accuracy and precision for delivering high radiation doses per fraction to small treatment volumes to improve tumor control and simultaneously reduce toxicity. Herein, we present a noninvasive and clinically convenient respiratory motion management protocol for SBRT for liver metastases.
02:41
Constant Volume Calorimetry
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2020
Calorimeters are useful to determine the heat released or absorbed by a chemical reaction. Coffee cup calorimeters are designed to operate at constant (atmospheric) pressure and are convenient to measure heat flow (or enthalpy change) accompanying processes that occur in solution at constant pressure. A different type of calorimeter that operates at constant volume, colloquially known as a bomb calorimeter, is used to measure the energy produced by reactions that yield large amounts of heat and...
FAQs
Tumor spread patterns help clinicians identify tissue that may contain disease even when it is not directly visible. The delineated region therefore reflects more than the apparent tumor location, incorporating known or suspected microscopic involvement. This approach supports radiation coverage of biologically relevant tissue and helps reduce the risk that occult disease is left untreated.
Clinicians integrate diagnostic imaging, pathology, and clinical examination when determining the treatment volume. Each source contributes different evidence about tumor location, extent, and potential microscopic involvement. Combining these findings creates a more individualized delineation than relying on a single test, which can improve consistency in treatment planning and communication among oncology professionals.
Patient setup differences and tissue motion can cause the delivered radiation distribution to differ from the planned position. Accounting for these uncertainties helps maintain adequate dose coverage of tissue at risk. At the same time, clinicians must avoid unnecessary expansion that could irradiate more healthy tissue, making uncertainty management important for balancing tumor control with normal-organ protection.
The process begins by reviewing imaging, pathology, and clinical examination findings. Clinicians then delineate the tissue at risk according to the known or suspected disease and its expected spread. They account for relevant setup or motion uncertainties before finalizing the plan, while checking that coverage remains appropriate and unnecessary exposure of healthy organs is limited.
Individualization comes from tailoring the delineated tissue region to each patient’s diagnostic findings, pathology, clinical examination, and anticipated pattern of microscopic spread. The plan can therefore reflect the patient’s specific disease risk rather than applying an identical volume to every case. This supports a more focused balance between adequate treatment and protection of healthy organs.
It provides a standardized framework for discussing radiotherapy decisions among oncology teams and for evaluating treatment outcomes. Consistent delineation gives clinicians a shared reference when reviewing coverage, uncertainties, and healthy-tissue exposure. In this way, the concept supports both day-to-day treatment planning and broader comparison of how radiotherapy strategies perform in clinical practice.